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reproduction
Stack #181327
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ovaries, uterine tube, uterus within | broad ligament |
| what is broad ligament? | a mesentery (visceral peritoneum) which encloses, ovaries, uterine tube, uterus |
| what is mesovarium | thickened fold of the broad ligament. |
| vestibular gland in female | mucous secreting gland |
| broad ligament continuous with | paretial peritoneum |
| ___ located between posterior body wall and the uterus is susceptible to infection because of its delicate membrane | rectouterine pouch or pouch of douglas |
| position of ovary stabilized by | mesovarium, ovarian ligament, suspensory ligament. |
| ovary histology: | visceral peritoneal epithelium, dense connective tissue (tunica albuginea), cortex, medulla |
| oocyte surrounded by | follicular cells, |
| oocyte + follicular cells = | primordial follicle |
| stimulation of primoral folicle by | FSH |
| __ around primary secondary follicle responsible for __ | theca, release estrogen. |
| ___ provide nutrients to developting oocyte | follicle cells (granulosa) |
| estrogen responsible for | initiating repair and growth of the uterine lining |
| in ___ one can see follicular fluid | secondary follicle |
| In female reprod, in __ stage, meiosis of oocyte begins | mature follicle |
| follicular cells surrounding the secondary oocyte after it loses its connection with the follicular wall | corona radiata |
| stimulation for ovulation | sudden rise in LH level |
| fate of empty follicle after it releases oocyte | turns into corpus luteum and if egg not fertilized corpus luteum -> corpus albican |
| corpus luteum secretes | progesterone (mainly), estrogen |
| progesterone secreted by | corpus luteum |
| estrogen secreted by | theca cells and granulosa of follicles |
| progesterone fuction o | prepare uterus for pregnancy |
| zona pellucida is | mechanical barrier in primary, secondary, mature follicles which becomes impermeable after a sperm enters. |
| underneath theca there is | layer of granulosa cells |
| affect of estrogen on pituitary hormones | +LH, -FSH |
| LH causes | ovulation |
| ovulation caused by which hormone | LH |
| released oocyte from follicle received by | infundibulum of fallopian tube |
| affect of progesterone on pituitary hormone | -LH |
| 2 negative feedback in female hormone | estrogen -FSH progesteron -LH |
| how does only one follicle mature to become a mature follicle | one with most number of FSH receptor |
| fertilization of egg occurs here | ampulla of oviduct |
| __ marks end of menst. cycle and it stimulates __ | dec. in proges, est level, GnRH |
| uterine tube histology | epithelium(ciliated and nonciliated columnar), lamina propria, smooth muscle. |
| how oocyte moved through oviduct | peristalsis of smooth muscle + ciliary movement |
| ___ of oviduct has ciliated epithelium | ampulla |
| ampulla of oviduct has what kind of epith | ciliated, columnar |
| what is endometrium | mucosa of the uterus |
| __ of oviduct has the greatest surface area | ampulla |
| fetus implantation causes __ secretion | cGH |
| LH functionhttp://www.studystack.com/Home.jsp?nointro | ovulation, maintainence of corpus luteum |
| cGH function | maintain corpus luteum |
| __ maintain corpus luteum | cGH, LH |
| endometrium(mucosa) composition | mucosal epithelium (simple columnar), lamina propria |
| __ layer lost after each menstrual cycle | stratum functionalis |
| __ layer reatined after menstrual cycle | stratum basalis |
| uterus histology | endometrium (epithe, lam prop), myometrium , visceral peritoneum |
| beginning of uterine cycle | destruction of stratum functionalis of the endometrium. |
| menstruation | sloughing of stratum functionalis |
| when does menses occur | when levels of progesterone and estrogen drop, causing sloughing of endometrium |
| proliferation phase also known as | follicular phase |
| follicular phase also known as | proliferation phase |
| secretory phase also known as | luteal phase |
| __ causes menses | constriction of the arteries in functional zone. |
| during proliferation phase, __ occurs | rebuilding of the fuctional zone, and development of follicles |
| secretory phase between | ovulation, degradation of corpus luteum, |
| during secretory phase __ occurs. | ovulation, arteries invading functional zone |
| proliferation phase preceded by __ phase, followed by | menses, secretory phase |
| which hormones play major roles in a)proliferation phase, b)secretory phase | a)estrogen b)estrogen, progesteron |
| __ artery travel to basal layer of uterus | straight artery |
| __ artery travel to function layer of uterus | spiral artery |
| __ artery closed off due to contraction of smooth muscle during menses | spiral artery |
| straight artery, spiral artery both present in | endometrium of uterus |
| which female sex hormone loosens up connective tissue during end of pregnancy | estrogen |
| vagina histology | stratified squamous epith (non keratinized unlike skin), lamina propria, smooth muscle. |
| funtion of bacteria in vagina | produce lactic acid which restricts the growth of pathogenic organism. |
| mammary gland is speciallized | apocrinesweat gland |
| function of suspensory ligaments in breasts | support mass of breast |
| majority of tissue in breasts | adipose tissue |
| milk production stimulated by | prolactin, estrogen progesteronn |
| milk ejection stimulated by | oxytocin |
| oxytocin function | contract smooth muscle in lactiferous ducts, sinus, ejecting milk |
| antrum found in | secondary, tertiary follicles |
| In which stage of the menstrual cycle do ~20 oocytes begin to enlarge | first stage ie. follicular phase |
| mucous secreting gland in female reprod system | vestibular gland |
| __ becomes corona radiata | cumulus oophrous |
| example of anastomoses in uterus | ovarian artery/vein join with uterine artery/vein |
| scrotum analagous to | labrum majora |
| testes analogous to | ovary |
| bulbourethral gland analagous to | vestibular gland |
| labrium major analagous to | scrotum |
| ovary analagous to | testes |
| vestibular gland analagous to | blubourethral gland |
| __ encloses the testes | scrotum |
| sperm also called | spermatozoa |
| tunica vaginalis is | serosa(peritoneum) which covers the outside of each testis and lines the scrotal cavity. |
| spermatic cord consists of | Ductus Deferens, Deferential artery, Pampiniform Plexus, Testicular artery |
| inguinal canal links | scrotal chambers with the peritoneal cavity |
| Raphe is | a line between the two testes |
| dartos muscle | contraction causes wrinkling of the scrotal surface |
| cremaster muscle | contraction tenses the scrotum and pulls the testes closer to the body for heat conservation |
| which muscle causes wrinkling of the scrotal surface | dartos muscle |
| which muscle when contracted causes testes to move closer to the core of the body | cremaster muscle |
| a dense connective tissue surrounding testes | tunica albuginea |
| tunica albuginea covered by | tunica vaginalis |
| name membranes, muscles in order surrounding testes | testes, tunica albuginea, scrotal cavity, tunica vaginalis, cremaster muscle, scrotum(dartos muscle, skin). |
| tunica vaginalis covers | tunica albuginea of testes |
| between ___ and ___ there is a space called scrotal cavity | tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea |
| sperm production occurs in | seminiferous tubuleq |
| rete testis is | where seminiferous tubules interconnect to form a maze of passaways. |
| efferent ductules | connect the rete testis to the epididymis |
| maturation of sperm occurs in | epididymis |
| how many tubes make up an epididymis | 1 |
| stem cells of sperms called | spermatogonia |
| when does mitosis of spermatogonia start | puberty |
| spermatogonia becomes _ after mitosis | primary spermatocyte |
| primary spermatocyte undergoes ___ and becomes __ | meiosis1, pair of secondary spermatocyte |
| secondary spermatocyte undergoes __ and becomes __ | meiosis 2pair of spermatid |
| a primary spermatocyte produces __ spermatid | 4 |
| 1 speratid matures into ___ | 1 spermatozoon |
| spermatogenesis begins at outer/lumen and moves to outer/lumen | outer , lumen |
| Sertoli cells function | blood-testis barrier, support of spermatogenesis, provide nutrient to spermatid |
| final stage of spermatogensesis known as __ and during this stage __ occur | spermiogenesis, transform round spermatid to spermatozoan |
| how does spermatid get transformed into spermatozoan | condensation of nucleus, formation of acrosome, development of flagellum |
| spermatozoon has mitochondria at | midpiece |
| acrosome function | breaks down zona pellucida |
| what breaks down zona pellucida | acrosome |
| midpiece of sperm contains | mitochondria |
| at birth testes contains | spermatogonia, sertoli cell |
| importance of blood-testis barrier | developing spermatozoa contain antigen not present in somatic cells. hence they would get attacked by the immune system had they been not protected within the tight junction between sertoli cells. |
| interstitial cells in testes also known as | leydig cell |
| leyig cell produce | testosterone |
| FSH in male stimulates __ for spermatogenesis | sertoli cells |
| LH in male stimulates __ | leydig cells |
| how is mitosis of spermatogonia held until puberty | FSH is released after puberty and it stimulates sertoli cells which are required for spermatogenesis |
| lumen of epididymis lined by | pseudostratified |
| secretion from __ of male reproductory system contains clotting factors, fructose, and its fucntion is to | seminal vesicle, form bolus of semen and generate ATP |
| secretion from __ breaks bolus of semen so sperms can get out | prostate gland(hydrolytic enzyme) |
| what part of penis contains erectile tissue | shaft |
| foreskin of penis called | prepuce |
| glans of penis analogous to __ in female and it is also known as | clitoris, head of the penis |
| corspus spongiosum extends to the tip of the penis and forms __ | bulb |
| penile urethra surrounded by __ which is surrounded by | corpus spongiosum, corpus cavernosum |
| bulb is a continuation of | corpus spongiosum |
| smooth muscle of erect penis is contracted/relaxed | relaxed |
| in a penis there is _ corpus spongiosum and _ corpus cavernosum | 1, 2 |
| corpus spongiosum contains | penile urethra |
| corpus cavernosum contains | central artery |
| glands of littre function | lubricate urethra |
| which gland in male reproductory system has highly amplified mucosa? (just like in ampulla of oviduct) | seminal vesicle |
| seminal vesicle secretes | clotting factors, fructose |
| a line between two testes is | Raphe |
| sperm stored in | epididymis |
| follicles that don't develop into mature follicle degenerate by a proccess called | atresia |
Created by:
honghee
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