Stack #17469 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
urinary system | 3 major functions: excretion, elimination,homeostatic regulation of the volume and solute concentration of blood plasma |
kidneys | organs that produce urine |
urine | fluid containing water, ions, and small soluable compounds |
urinary tract | paired tubes at which urine leaves the kidneys via this |
ureters | paired tubes |
urethra | conducts urine to the exterior |
urination/micturition | elimination of urine |
renal capsule | layer of collagen fibers that covers the outer surface of the entire organ |
adipose capsule | thick layer of adipose tissue that surrounds the renal capsule |
renal fascia | dense fibrous outer layer |
hilus | prominant medial indention is the the point of entry for the renal artery and renal nerves and is the exit point of exit for the renal vein and the ureter |
renal sinus | an internal cavity within the kidney. |
cortex | superficial portion of the kidneys |
medulla | 6-18 distinct conical or triangular structures called renal pyramids |
renal papilla | projects into the renal sinus |
renal columns | bands of cortical tissue that extends into the medulla |
renal lobe | renal pyramid, the overlying area of the renal cortex, and adjacent tissues of the renal columns |
minor calyx | ducts within each renal papilla discharge urine into this cup shaped drain |
nephrons | where urine production begins at a microscopic , tubular structures |
renal artery | kidneys receive blood |
segmental arteries | divide into interlobar arteries |
arcuate arteries | arch along the boundary between the cortex and medulla of the kidney |
renal tubule | long tubular passageway 50mm in length |
renal corpuscle | spherical structure that contains bowman's capsule |
Bowmans capsule | a cup shaped chamber @ 200 microm |
glomerulus | consists of 50 intertwining capillaries |
filtrate | protein free solution |
tubular fluid | when the filtrate changes in composition |
collecting systems | each nephron empties; series of tubes that carry tubular fluid away from the nephron |
cortical nephrons | 85% of all nephrons; located at the superficial cortex of the kidney |
juxtamedullary | 15% of nephrons |
proximal convoluted tubule | 1st segment of the renal tubule; absorbtion |
peritubular fluid | interstitial fluid surrounding the renal tubule |
loop of henle | can be divided into descending limb; ascending limb; nephron loop |
distal convoluted tubule | 3rd segment of the renal corpuscle |
macula densa | epithelial cells of the DCT |
juxtaglomerular apparatus | endocrine structure that secrets the hormone erythropoietin and the enzyme renin |
filtration | blood pressure forces water and solutes across the wall of the glomerular capillaries |
reabsorption | removal of water and solutes from the filtrate |
secretion | transport of solutes from the peritubular fluid |
polycystic kidney disease | inherited condition affecting the structure of kidney tubules |
glomerular filtration | involves passage across the filtration membrane. has 3 componets 1. capillary endothelium, 2. lamina densa 3. filtration slits |
glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP) | the blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries. This pressure tends to push water and solute molecules out of the plasma and into the filtrate.45-55mm |
capsular hydrostatic pressure (CsHP) | tends to push water and solutes out of the filtrate and into the plasma 25mm |
filtration pressure (FP) | the glomerulus is the difference between the hydrostatic pressure and the colloid osmotic pressure acting across the glomerular capillaries 10mm |
glomerular filtration rate (GFR) | the amount of filrate you kidneys produce each minute. |
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) | this conversion occurs primarily in the capillaries of the lungs. |
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