nervous tissue A+P Word Scramble
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word(s) | definition |
neurotransmitter | chemical released to trigger the next cell |
CNS | brain and spinal cord |
cephalization | process in which neurons gather in head |
somatic | aware of (uses five senses) |
autonomic | unaware of (controls internal effects of body such as temperature and blood pressure) |
motor and sensory | branches of PNS |
sympathetic | fight or flight response |
parasympathetic | rest and digest response |
neuron | cells that transmit impulses |
neuroglia | do not send impulses/ maintain neurons |
axon hillock | cone-shaped area where axon attaches |
synaptic end bulb | end of axon terminal where neurotransmitters are released |
cell body, dendrite, axon | parts of a neuron |
dendrite | receives information from other neurons |
cell body | part of neuron that contains nucleus |
axon | transmitter/ attaches to dendrites |
multipolar neuron | has multiple extensions off of cell body |
glia | "glue" |
astrocytes | star shaped/nourish and maintain environment/ remove neurotransmitter |
oligodendrocytes | only in CNS/ myelinating cells |
Schwann cells | only in PNS/ myelinating cells |
myelination | process in which a nueron is wrapped with a myelin sheath that speeds up transmission |
myelin sheath | insulates axon |
white matter | contains myelinated axons |
gray matter | contains unmyelinated axons/ controls synapses |
electrical synapse | gap junction |
chemical synapse | neurotransmitter is released into synaptic cleft which opens the ligand-gated ion channel. |
Ligand-gated ion channel | channel that opens when something binds to it. |
depolarization | causing the membrane potential to become LESS negative/ increase mV |
hyperpolarization | caues membrane potential to become MORE negative/ decrease mV |
repolarizing phase | period when potential drops from +30 to -70 |
-55 mV | threshold |
action potential | rapid reversal in membrane potential |
graded potential | potential that does NOT reach threshold |
exocytosis | release of neurotransmitter |
re-uptake | suck neurotransmitter back into the cell |
spatial summation | activity from more than one neuron |
temporal summation | activity in which one neuron sends several signals |
Na+ channel | ion channel=depolarization/excitaion |
K+ channel | ion channel= hyperpolarization/inhibition |
Cl- ion channel | ion channel= hyperpolarization/ inhibition |
diverging circuit | 1signal branches out into several |
converging circuit | several signals merge into 1 |
reverberating circuit | direct signal that loops around/ controls memory |
resting membrane potential | RMP/ difference in voltage across membrane in a cell at rest |
voltage-gated ion channel | opens and closes based on a change in voltage |
mechanically gated ion channel | operated mechanically by feeling, soundwaves, and tissue stretching (opened by pressure) |
leakage channel | gates alternate between open and close and let a whole bunch of stuff in at a time |
continuous conduction | slow process/ de- and repolarization of adjacent segments |
saltatory conduction | fast process/ propagation along myelinated axons |
Created by:
ashley814
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