023 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
anatomic or anatomical position | a term of reference that health professionals use when noting body planes, positions, or directions: the person is assumed to be standing upright (erect), facing forward, feet pointed forward and slightly apart, with arms at the sides and palms facing for |
body planes (Fig. 4-7) | reference planes for indicating the location or direction of body parts |
coronal plane | vertical division of the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions |
sagittal plane | vertical division of the body into right and left portions |
transverse plane | horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions |
anterior (A) | front of the body |
posterior (P) | back of the body |
anterior-posterior (AP) | from front to back, as in reference to the direction of an x-ray beam |
posterior-anterior (PA) | from back to front, as in reference to the direction of an x-ray beam |
superior | situated above another structure, toward the head |
inferior | situated below another structure, away from the head |
proximal | toward the beginning or origin of a structure; for example, the proximal aspect of the femur (thigh bone) is the area closest to where it attaches to the hip |
distal | away from the beginning or origin of a structure; for example, the distal aspect of the femur (thigh bone) is the area at the end of the bone near the knee |
medial | toward the middle (midline) |
axis | the imaginary line that runs through the center of the body or a body part |
erect | normal standing position |
decubitus | lying down, especially in a bed; lateral decubitus is lying on the side (decumbo = to lie down) |
prone | lying face down and flat |
recumbent | lying down |
supine (Fig. 4-8) | horizontal recumbent; lying flat on the back (“on the spine”) |
flexion | bending at the joint so that the angle between the bones is decreased |
extension | straightening at the joint so that the angle between the bones is increased |
abduction | movement away from the body |
adduction | movement toward the body |
rotation | circular movement around an axis |
eversion | turning outward, i.e., of a foot |
inversion | turning inward, i.e., of a foot |
supination | turning of the palmar surface (palm of the hand) or plantar surface (sole of the foot) upward or forward |
pronation | turning of the palmar surface (palm of the hand) or plantar surface (sole of the foot) downward or backward |
dorsiflexion | bending of the foot or the toes upward |
plantar flexion | bending of the sole of the foot by curling the toes toward the ground |
range of motion (ROM) | total motion possible in a joint, described by the terms related to body movements (i.e., ability to flex, extend, abduct, or adduct); measured in degrees |
goniometer (Fig. 4-10) | instrument used to measure joint angles (gonio = angle) |
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