Muscles Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
What are the 4 major characteristics of muscles? | contractility, excitability, extensibility, elasticity |
The ability to shorten with force? | contractility |
The capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus? | excitability |
The ability to be stretched? | extensibility |
the ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched? | elasticity |
Each skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called? | epimysium |
________ is another connective tissue located outside the epimtsium. | Fasica |
A muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles called muscle fasciculi(fascicle), which are surrounded by loose connective tissue called the __________. | perimysium |
The fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells called _______. | fibers |
Each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called the ______________. | enomysium |
The cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with _______. | myofibrils |
Myofibrils consist of how many major kinds of protein fibers? | 2 |
thin myofilaments | action myofilaments |
thick myofilaments | myosin myofilaments |
Actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units called? | sarcomeres |
What is the basic structural and functional unity of the muscle? | sarcomeres |
The outside of most cell membranes is positively charged compared to the inside of the cell membrane is called ______________? | resting membrane potential |
When a muscle cell is stimulated the membrane characteristics charge briefly, the brief reversal back of the charge is called ___________? | action potential |
nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers. | motor neuron |
Each branch that connects to the muscle forms a _________________. | neuromuscular junction |
A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates are called ____________? | motor units |
The enlarged nerve terminal is the ____________? | presynaptic terminal |
The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell is the ______________? | synaptic cleft |
The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle fiber is the ____________? | postsynaptic terminal |
Each postsynaptic terminal contains _________? | synaptic vesicles |
Each postsynaptic terminal contains synaptic vesicles that secrete a neurotransmitter called _________________? | acetylcholine |
___________ _________ occurs as action and myosin myofilaments slide past one another causing the sarcomeres to shorten. | Muscle Contraction |
The sliding of action myofilaments slide past myosin myofilaments during contraction is called ____________ ________ _____________? | sliding filament mechanism |
_________ ___________ is a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fiber. | Muscle twitch |
A muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level called _________, at which point the muscle fiber will contract maximally. | threshold |
The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction is the ____ ______. | lag phase |
The time of a lag phase contraction is called _________ _______. | contraction phase |
The time during which the muscle relaxes is the ___________ ______. | relaxation phase |
_________ where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing. | Tetany |
The increase in number of motor units being activated is called __________. | recruitment |
What is needed for energy for the muscle? | ATP |
What is ATP | adenosine triphosphate |
Where is ATP produced? | in the mitochondria |
True or False, ATP is short lived | True |
What is ADP | adenosine diphosphate |
When muscle cells are at rest they can't stockpile ATP but they can store another high-energy molecule, called ______________ __________. | creatine phosphate |
What means without Oxygen? | Anaerobic respiration |
What means with Oxygen? | Aerobic respiration |
The _______ ____ is the amount of amount Oxygen needed in a chemical reaction to convert lactic acid to glucose and to replenish the depleted stores of creatine phosphate stores in muscle cells | Oxygen debt. |
What results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster then it can be produced in the muscle cells? | Muscle fatigue |
How many types of muscle contractions are there? | 2 |
What are the the 2 types of muscle contraction? | isometric and isotonic |
What does isometric mean? | the length of the muscle doesn't change, but the amount of tension increases |
What's another way of describing isometric? | equal distance |
What does isotonic mean? | the amount of tension produced by length of muscle changes |
What's another was of describing isotonic? | equal tension |
________ _________ refers to constant tension produced by muscles of the body long periods of time | Muscle tone |
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austinsargent
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