Respiratory System Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Consists of structures located outside the thoracic cavity | Upper Respiratory Track |
consists of structure located inside the thoracic cavity | Lower Respiratory Track |
consists of the nose nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, and larynx | Upper Respiratory Track |
the small hairs that are inside the nostrils | Cilia |
separates the nasal cavity from the mouth | Palate |
boney part of the palate | Hard palate |
Soft tissue continuation of hard plate | Soft palate |
separates oropharynx and nasopharynx | Soft palate |
elevated during swallowing to prevent bolus from entering nasopharynx | Soft palate |
"punching bag" on the soft palate | Uvula |
bone and soft tissue that Separates the cavity into two halves. | nasal septum |
3 curly bones on each lateral wall | Conchae |
these bones create narrow passages, ensuring that most air contacts the mucous membrane on the way through. | Conchae |
dust sticks to the mucosa from these bones, which is then swallowed | Conchae |
the muscular tube just behind the nasal and oral cavities. | Pharynx |
extends from the posterior nares to the soft palate. | Nasopharynx |
it contains openings for the right and left auditory tubes | Nasopharynx |
The space between the soft palate and the base of the tongue | Oropharynx |
it contains the palatine tonsils as well as the lingual tonsils | Oropharynx |
passes dorsal to the larynx and connects to the esophagus | Laryngopharynx |
Turbulence warms and humidifies air and traps particles in mucus | Condition air |
Chemoreceptors from CN 1 that come through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid b. for smell | olfactory receptors |
Air filled cavities in the frontal, maxillae, ethmiod and sphenoid bones | Paranasal sinuses |
passages of air and food | Oropharynx |
contains Stratified squamous epithelium | Oropharynx |
Contains the pharyngeal tonsils | Nasopharynx |
lies between the root of the tongue and the upper end of the trachea | Larynx |
often is called the voice box | Larynx |
it prevents food and liquids from entering the trachea | Larynx |
it acts as an air passageway between the pharynx and trachea | Larynx |
it produces sound | Larynx |
Closes over the top the larynx during swallowing to direct food and liquids in the esophagus | Epiglottis |
also known as the Adams apple | Thyroid Cartilage |
the opening between the vocal cords | Glottis |
lies right in front of the esophagus | Trachea |
the ridged tube that is about 4-5 inches long and 1 inch in diameter | Trachea |
know as the wind pipe | Trachea |
extends from the larynx to the primary bronchi at a structure called the _________. | Carina |
like the trachea, it is supported by a "c" shaped rings of cartilage | Primary Bronchi |
the primary bronchi branches into the | Secondary Bronchi |
the secondary bronchi branches into | tertiary bronchi |
very small airways that branch from the tertiary bronchi | Bronchioles |
Alveolar ducts throughout the lungs terminate in clusters of alveoli are called | Alveolar Sacs |
the primary structures for gas exchange | Alveolar Sacs |
the exchange of air occurs though what's called the ___________ | Respiratory membrane |
the substance that helps reduce surface tension | Surfactant |
Millions o fair sacs where bronchioles terminate and where gas exchange occurs | Alveoli |
Elastic connective tissues connects ______ | Alveoli |
the junction between the capillary and the alveolus | Respiratory membrane |
they extend from just above the clavicles to the diaphragm and lie against the anterior and posterior ribs | Lungs |
the medial portion of each of these is concave to allow room for the heart and great vessels | Lungs |
the pulmonary blood vessels enter each lung through an opening in the lung's medial surface called | Hilum |
in a space called the plural cavity | Lungs |
the base of each lung rest on the | Diaphragm |
the top, or _____, of each lung extends about 1/2 (1.3 cm) above the first rib | Apex |
the right lung has how many lobes | Three |
the left lung has how many lobes | two |
the fissure in the left lung that separates the superior and inferior lobes | Oblique |
the fissure in the right lung that separates the superior and middle lobes | Horizontal |
The fissure in the right lung that separates the middle and inferior lobes | Oblique |
A serous membrane that covers the surface of the lungs, extending into the fissures | Visceral Pleura |
lines the entire thoracic cavity | Parietal Pleura |
the space between the visceral and parietal Pleurae | Pleural Cavity |
the pleural cavity is only a _______ space | Potential |
It lubricates the pleural surfaces, allowing the two surface to glide painlessly against each other as the lungs expand and contracts | Pleural fluid |
It Creates a pressure gradient that assists in lung inflation | Pleural fluid |
the repetitive process of inhaling | Inspiration |
the repetitive process of exhaling | Expiration |
it occurs from one inspiration and one expiration | Respiratory Cycle |
in inspiration: muscles pull the ribs upward, widening the thoracic cavity | External intercostal |
In inspiration: it Helps elevate the ribs | Internal Intercostal |
In inspiration: it contracts, flattens and drops, pressing the abdominal organs downward and enlarging the thoracic cavity | Diaphragm |
IN expiration: muscles that pull the ribs downward as the external intercostals relax | Internal Intercostal |
IN Expiration: it relaxes, bulging upward and pressing against the base of the lungs, reducing the size of the thoracic cavity | Diaphragm |
muscles of the neck and chest contact to help elevate the chest | Deep Inspiration |
such as when singing or shouting-- the rectus abdominis and external abdominals obliques contract to pull down ribs and sternum, further reducing chest size and expelling air more rapidly | Forced Expiration |
the medulla contains how many interconnected centers that control breathing | Two |
the primary respiratory center | Inspiratory Center |
sends impulses to the intercostal muscles and to the diaphragm | Inspiratory Center |
stimulates the inspiratory center to increase the length and depth of inspiration | Apneustic center |
inhabits both the apneustic center and the inspiratory center | Pneumotaxic Center |
contributes to a normal breathing rhythm and prevents overinflation of the lungs | Pneumotaxic Center |
when more forceful exhalations are needed, such as in exercise, this sends impulses to the abdominal and other accessory muscles | Expiratory Center |
the pressure between the visceral and parietal pleurae, which assists with lung expansion | Intrapleural pressure |
the pressure within the bronchi and alveoli | Intrapulmonic pressure |
the movement of air to and from alveoli | Ventilation |
also known as inspiration | Inhalation |
also known as expiration | Exhalation |
breathing in | Inhalation |
Breathing out | Exhalation |
rhythmicity controlled from the medulla and pons (vital centers) | Nervous Regulation |
Impulse carried by phrenic and intercostal nerves | Nervous Regulation |
the elasticity in the lungs | pulmonary compliance |
the amount of air inhaled and exhaled during quiet breathing | Tidal volume |
the amount of air inhaled using maximum effort after a normal inspiration | Inspiratory reserve volume |
the amount of air that can be exhaled after a normal expiration by using maximum effort | Expiratory reserve volume |
this air ensures that the gas exchange continues even between breaths | Residual Volume |
the amount of air that can be inhaled and exhaled with the deepest possible breath | Vital Capacity |
the maximum amount of air that the lungs can contain | Total lung capacity |
Volume breathed in one minute | Minute Respiratory Volume |
Tidal volume x bpm | Minute Respiratory Volume |
the amount of air that actually reaches the alveoli | Alveolar Ventilation |
Air NOT in the alveoli with inhalation | Anatomical dead space |
occurs normally as air makes its way to the alveoli | Anatomical dead space |
includes all air in conducting airways plus the air in any alveoli that are poorly perfused and, therefore, less efficient in gas exchange | Physiological dead space |
Volume in non-functioning alveoli | Physiological dead space |
the contribution of single gas in a mixture of gases toward the total pressure of the gas mixture | Partial pressure |
The process in which our bodies make energy | Cellur/internal Respiration |
in the lungs, the oxygen forms a weak bond with the iron portion of hemoglobin, creating | Oxyhemoglobin |
travels through the circulatory system to the tissue cells | Oxyhemoglobin |
C02 is also carried on hemoglobin when the 02 leaves (about 20%) this forms | Carbaminohemoglobin |
the opening between the vocal cords | Glottis |
opening on the lung's medial surface through which primary bronchi and pulmonary blood vessels pass | Hilum |
one smaller subdivisions of the bronchial tubes | Bronchioles |
Air sac in the lungs | Alveolus |
the two main branches leading from the trachea to the lungs that serve as passageways for air | Bronchi |
Created by:
Leci81
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