Anatomy 3rd&4th Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Contractility | the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force. |
Excitability | the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus. |
Extensibility | the ability to be stretched. |
Elasticity | ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched. |
Epimysium | surrounds skeletal muscle by a connective tissue sheath. |
Fascia | connective tissue located outside the epimysium. |
Perimysium | loose connective tissue. |
Fibers | single muscle cells. |
Endomysium | surrounds each fiber by connective tissue sheath. |
Myofibrils | threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other. |
Actin Myofilaments | thin myofilaments. |
Myosin Myofilaments | thick myofilaments. |
Sarcomeres | highly ordered units. |
Resting Membrane Potential | charge difference across the membrane. |
Action Potential | brief reversal act of the charge. |
Motor Neurons | nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers. |
Neuromuscular Junction | synapse near the center of the cell. |
Motor Unit | a single motor unit neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates. |
Presynaptic Terminal | enlarged nerve terminal. |
Synaptic Cleft | the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell. |
Postsynaptic Terminal | muscle fiber. |
Synaptic Vesicles | secrete acetylcholine. |
Acetylcholine | neurotransmitter. |
Acetylcholinesterase | ensures that one action potential in the neuron. |
Sliding Filament Mechanism | sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction. |
Muscle Twitch | a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers. |
Threshold | muscle fiber will contract maximally. |
All-or-none Response | when muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until stimulus reaches threshold level. |
Lag Phase | time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction. |
Contraction Phase | time of contraction. |
Relaxation Phase | time during which the muscle relaxes. |
Tetany | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing. |
Recruitment | the increase in number of motor units being activated. |
Creatine Phosphate | When at rest they can't stockpile ATP but they can store another high-energy molecule. |
Anaerobic respiration | without oxygen |
Aerobic respiration | with oxygen (more efficient) |
Oxygen debt | the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose and to replenish the depleted stores of creatine phosphate stores in muscle cells. |
Muscle fatigue | results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells |
Isometric (equal distance) | the length of the muscles does not change, but the amount of tension increases during the contraction process |
Isotonic (equal tensions) | the amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction, but the length of muscle changes |
Muscle tone | the constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time. |
fast-twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly |
Slow-twitch fibers | Contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue |
Origin | the most stationary end of the muscle |
Insertion | the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement |
belly | portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion |
Synergists | Muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements. |
Antagonists | Muscles that work in opposition to one another. |
Muscles | Help to produce heat essential for maintence of normal body temp. |
Muscle Fasciculi (fascicle) | a muscle that is composed of numerous visible bundles |
Muscle fiber | Each one is a single cyndrical cell containing several nuclei |
Cytoplasm | Each one has a fiber filled with myofibrils |
The sacromere | the basic structural and functional unity of the muscle |
Each Sarcomere | extends from one Z line (disc) to another Z line (Disc) |
Each Z line | An attachment site for actin |
Arrangement of actin and myosin | They give a banded appearance |
A BAnd | extends the length of the myosin |
Membrane Potential outside | outside of most cell membranes is positively charged compared to the inside of the cell membrane |
Axons | Axons enter the muscles and branches |
Nerve supply | Many motors form a single muscle |
The acetycholine | Diffuses across the synaptic cleft and blinds to the post synaptic terminal causing a change in the |
Fasciculi | A muscle composed of numerous visible bundles |
What is the sliding mechanicism of muscle contraction? | Sliding of actin myofilaments pass myosin myofilaments during contraction. |
Muscle twitch | A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causs the action potential in one or more muscle fibers. |
Tetany | Where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing. |
Isometric contraction | length of the muscle that does not change, but the amount of tension increases during the contracaption process. |
Isotonic Contraction | The amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction but the length of the muscle changes. |
What are extrinsic tongue muscles? | Muscles that change the shape of your tongue. |
What are intrinsic tongue muscles? | Muscles that Move your tongue. |
Frontalis | Covers the frontal line. |
Orbicularis Oculi | opens and closes the eyes. |
Orbicularis Oris | forms the tissue of the lips. |
Buccinator | Circular muscles of the lips. |
Zygomaticus | Extends from the corner of the mouth to the cheek bone. |
Created by:
svsenior2013
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