Anatomy Exam 3 Terms Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
It is possible to determine if a child's long bone is growing by examining a radiograph of the | epiphyseal plate |
What is an example of an irregular bone? | Bones of the backbone |
What is not a function of bones? | contraction |
Osteoblasts are | bone-forming cells |
Osteocytes are | mature bone cells |
Osteoclasts are | bone cells that resorb bone tissue |
Compact bone has | tightly packed tissue that is sold, strong, and resistant to bending |
Spongy bone has | cancellous bone that reduces the weight of bone |
(T or F)Normal bone growth requires adequate amounts of calcium, phosphate, and vitamin E | False |
Does calcitonin make blood calcium levels increase or decrease? | decrease |
What is not found in spongy bone? | Osteons |
What kind of cartilage is articular cartilage? | Hyaline cartilage |
The white material that reduces friction at the ends of bones is called | articular cartilage |
Osteoclast activity is increased by | parathyroid hormone |
What are some functions of the skeletal system? | Protection of organs, storage of inorganic salts, interaction with muscles for movement, responsible for blood cell production |
The axial skeleton includes | skull, hyoid bone, thoracic cage, and vertebral column |
Exercise_____ and ______ bones | thickens, strengthens |
The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that | the bone is lengthening |
A bone includes | living material and nonliving material |
Compact bone has ____, whereas spongy bone has ____. | tightly packed tissue that is solid, strong, and resistant to bending; cancellous bone that reduces the weight of bone |
A synovial membrane | secretes synovial fluid |
What are examples of synovial joints | ball-and-socket, hinge, saddle, pivot, gliding, condyloid |
Ball-and-socket | hip, shoulder-rotational movement |
Hinge | elbow or knee-allows movement in one plane |
saddle | thumb-rotate a little |
pivot | shake head, pivot |
gliding | carpal, tarsal, intervertebral- sliding past each other; limited movement |
condyloid | wrist, fingers- fingers to palm |
Articular cartilage receives oxygen and nutrients from | surrounding synovial fluid |
A joint capsule is reinforced by | ligaments binding articular ends of bones together |
A synchondrosis | allows bone growth |
A syndesmosis is | a fibrous joint in which an interosseous ligament binds bones |
Fibrocartilage discs that divide the joint into two compartments is called | menisci |
Cartilagenous joints are connected by | hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage |
What are some types of fibrous joints? | sydesmosis, sutures, gomphosis |
The joint that separates two vertebrae is a | symphysis that is amphiarthrotic |
Lifting the arm horizontally to form a right angle with the side of the body or moving a part away from the midline | abduction |
What are some functions of joints? | Often contain cartilage, bind bones, enable body parts to move, allow bones to grow |
A sprain involves | overstretched or torn ligaments and tendons in a joint |
Joints are also called | articulations |
A gomphosis is a ____ joint. | fibrous |
The meniscus is in the | knee |
Bones of a synovial joint are held together by | a joint capsule. |
What is true about skeletal muscle? | Every muscle fiber receives a branch of an axon from the nerve |
The muscle primarily responsible for an action is the | prime mover |
Threshold stimulus is the | minimal amount of energy required to contract a muscle fiber |
A muscle that assists a prime mover is a | synergist |
The outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle is the | epimysium |
Myofibrils are composed primarily of | actin and myosin |
A sarcomere extends from | one Z disk to an adjacent Z disk |
The enzyme acetylecholinesterase causes acetycholine to | decompose |
Cordlike and connects muscles to bones | tendon |
a broad, fibrous sheet of connective tissue that connects muscles to muscles | aponeurosis |
The amount of oxygen liver cells require to react with lactic acid to produce glucose or glycogen | oxygen debt |
The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from the | sarcomere organization |
A motor unit is | a motor neuron and the muscle fibers connected to it. |
Creatine phosphate | supplies energy for the sythesis of ATP |
Transverse tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum are well developed in | skeletal muscle fibers |
Muscle fibers are basically a collection of | sarcomeres |
(T or F) ATPase is located in myosin cross-bridges | True |
What are some functions of muscles? | distributions of heat, the heartbeat, muscle tone, moving bones |
What surrounds a fasciculus? | perimysium |
What are channels that open or close in response to changes in the electrical charge or voltage across the plasma membrane? | voltage-gated ion channels |
In muscle contraction, ATP supplies energy for | myofilament movement |
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