Anatomy - Ch. 6-7 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Osteology | study of bones |
The skeletal system is composed of what? | Bones, cartilages, and ligaments |
Skeletal System functions are? | Support, Movement, Protection, Blood formation, electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, and detoxification |
Ossesous Tissue (bone) | A connective tissue in which the matrix is hardened by calcium phosphate and other minerals. |
Compact (dense) bone | outer shell of dense white osseous tissue |
Spony (cancellous) bone | internal, more loosely organized |
Disphysis | shaft |
medullary cavity | space |
epiphysis | expanded head at each end |
epiphyseal plate (line) | shows where the growth began |
nutrient foramina | how blood vessels end into the bone |
osteons | cylindrical unites inside compact bone |
Concetric lamellae | Around a central canal where matrix is arranged. |
Lacunae | Occupied by osteocytes, which are connected to each other by canaliculi. |
In childhood, bones increase in length by means of the _____ _____ of cartilage in the epiphyseal plates. | Interstitial growth |
In adulthood, long bones no longer grow in length, but can increase in thickness by ___ ____, the addition of osseous tissue to the surface. | Appositional growth |
Osteoporosis | Is a disease in which the bones lose mass and become increasingly brittle and subject to fractures |
Osteoporosis translates into... | porous bones :OOOOOOOO |
The two regions of the skeleton are | Axial and Appendicular skeleton |
Bone totals: | 270 bones at birth, 206 by adulthood |
Sesamoid bones | Bones that form within some tendons in response to stress |
How many vertebrae are there in the vertebral column? | 33 |
How many discs are there in the vertebral column? | 23 |
The Saacrum is part of what skeletal region? | Axial Skeleton |
Petrous translates into what? | Stone |
The vertebrae are divided into what 5 groups? | Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum, and Coccyx |
How many Cervical vertebrae? | 7 |
How many Thoracic vertebrae? | 12 |
How many Lumbar vertebrae? | 5 |
How many Sacral Vertebrae? | 5, they are fused into a single adult bone called the Sacrum. |
How many Coccygeal vertebrae? | 4, fused into the coccyx "tailbone" |
The vertebral column has 4 bends named what? | Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, and Pelvic Curvatures. |
How do you know when you are looking at cervical vertebra? | Small, only vertebrae to have transverse foramen in each transverse process, and a forked spinous process. |
C1 is the what? | Atlas |
C2 is the what? | Axis |
The Axis has a unique superior processes called what? | Dens |
What vertebrae are specialized for rib attachment and have facets? | Thoracic vertebrae |
Thoracic vertebrae look like what animal? | GIRAFFES |
Lumbar vertebrae look like what animal? | MOOSE |
How would you know when you are looking at lumbar vertebrae? | Heavy bodies, squarish spinous process. |
A bony enclosure for the lungs and heart, and is composed of the thoracic vertebrae, ribs, and sternum? | The thoracic cage |
The sternum consists of what? | Suprasternal notch, manubrium, body, xiphoid process, and costal cartilages. |
There are how many ribs? | 12 |
Ribs 1-7 are called what? | True ribs, which connect to the sternum by their own costal cartilage. |
Rubs 8-12 are called what? | False ribs, they do not have independent attachments to the sternum. |
Ribs 11-12 are called what and why? | Floating ribs, because they have no costal cartilages, and do not attach to the sternum at all. |
The skull consists of how many bones? | 22 |
Skull bones are sometimes joined by what? | Sutures |
There are 6 cavities within the skull, what are they? | Cranial, orbits, nasal, buccal (mouth), middle-,and inner-ear cavities. |
The cranial cavity is enclosed by the cranium (braincase), how many bones compose the cranium? | 8 bones. 1 Frontal, 1 occipital, 2 parietal, 1 spehenoid, 2 temporal, and 1 ethmoid. |
Calvaria is where? | roof of the cranial cavity |
Base is where? | floor of the cranial cavity |
The parietal bones are bordered by four sutures, what are they? | Sagittal, coronal, lambdoid, and squamous. |
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