Anatomy Word Scramble
I G O V M N
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
| Question | Answer |
| begins when chromosomes stop moving | telophase |
| kinetochore microtubules attach to kinetichore of centromeres and draws them toward equator | prophase |
| subphases of interphse | G1 for growth, S for DNA synthesis, G2 for growth and prepping for division |
| brain of cell, blueprints for cellular proteins, signals for protein synthesis | nucleus |
| contain protein and rRNA, site of protein synthesis | ribosomes |
| begins during late anaphase, ring of actin microfilaments contracts to form cleavage furrow, 2 daughter cells are pinched apart, each with a nucleus identical to original | cytokinesis |
| RNA polymerase moves along template strand, elongating mRNA transcript one at a time, unwinds DNA double helix and then rewinds behind it | elongation |
| dynamic hollow tubes, radiate from centrosome, determines shape of cell and placement of organelles | microtubules |
| tough rope-like protein fibers, resist pulling on cell, attach to desmosomes | intermediate filaments |
| polar microtubules continue forcing poles apart | anaphase |
| complementary 3 base sequence on mRNA | codon |
| various signaling and transport functions | proteins |
| requires carrier proteins, moves against gradient, uses energy(ATP) to move molecules | active transport |
| interconnected tubes, continuous with nuclear membrane | endoplasmic reticulum |
| chromosomes are pulled toward poles by motor proteins of kinetochores | anaphase |
| translation | anticodon of tRNA binds to its complementary codon and adds its amino acid to the forming protein chain new amino acids are added by other tRNAs as the ribosome moves along rRNA until it reaches stop codon |
| where the solute concentration is equal to cytosol | isotonic |
| transfer DNA gene base sequence to a complementary base sequence of mRNA | transcription |
| 2 sets of chromosomes uncoil and form chromatin | telophase |
| measure of total concentration of solute particles | osmolarity |
| endomembrane system contains | nuclear envelope, rER, golgi body, vesicles, lysosomes |
| replisome | site of DNA replication |
| used to convert nucleic acids to a specific amino acid | genetic code |
| 2 types of vesicular transport | exocytosis and endocytosis |
| function: transport, receptors or enzymes, attach to cytoskeleton or other cells | membrane proteins |
| series of rods, important for vesicle transport and cell movement | cytoskeleton |
| mitotic phase | cell division |
| 3 types of membrane junctions | tight, desmosome, gap |
| control center of cell | nucleus |
| 2 types of cellular extensions, whip-like extensions on surfaces of cells | cilia and flagella |
| chromosomes become visible, each with 2 chromatids joined at centromere | prophase |
| segment of DNA with blueprint for 1 polypeptide | gene |
| bind to amino acids and pair with bases of codons of mRNA and ribosome to begin protein synthesis | tRNA |
| nucleotide strand | each is a template for building a new complementary strand for DNA replication |
| new nuclear membrane forms around each mass | telophase |
| intracellular fluid containing organelles | cytoplasm |
| propels whole cells (sperm) | flagella |
| powerhouse of cell, provides most of cells ATP, has it's own DNA and RNA | mitochondria |
| mRNA synthesis ends when termination signal is reached. RNA polymerase and completed mRNA transcript are released | termination |
| interphase | period from cell formation to cell division |
| carries instructions for building a polypeptide | mRNA |
| spindle disappears | telophase |
| smallest structural and functional living unti | cell |
| no cellular energy(ATP) required, moves down concentration gradient | passive transport |
| 3 steps of transcription | initiation, elongation, termination |
| communicating membrane junction | gap junction |
| flexible outer boundary, composed of lipids and proteins | plasma membrane |
| important for membrane structure | lipids |
| protein synthesis | triplets of nucleotide bases form genetic library; each triplet specifies coding for one amino acid |
| centromeres of chromosomes split, chromatid becomes chromosome | anaphase |
| moves substances across cell surfaces | cilia |
| DNA replication | DNA helices unwind from nuclesomes, leicase enzyme untwists double helix |
| transport of large particles, macromolecules and fluids across plasma membrane, requires energy(ATP) | vesicular transport |
| nucleoli reappear | telophase |
| nuclear envelope fragments | prophase |
| shortest phase | anaphase |
| base sequence, promoter | transcription |
| RNA polymerase binds to promoter, pries apart 2 DNA strands and initiates mRNA synthesis and start point on the template strand | initiation of transcription |
| involves mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA | translation |
| cell stomach, contains digestive enzymes | lysosomes |
| centromeres of chromosomes are aligned at the equator | metaphase |
| anchoring membrane junction, binds cells | desmosome |
| cell cycle | changes from formation of cell until it reproduces |
| storage and transport of proteins, has ribosomes | rough ER |
| type of passive transport | osmosis |
| membrane transport | membrane is selectively permeable |
| impermeable membrane junction | tight junction |
| structural component of ribosomes, helps translate message from mRNA | rRNA |
| translation | mRNA attaches to small ribosomal subunit, moves along mRNA to start codon large ribosomal unit attaches, forms functional ribosomes anticodon of tRNA binds to its complementary codon and adds its amino acid to the forming protein chain |
| mitotic spindles and asters form | prophase |
| where the solute concentration is greater than cytosol | hypertonic, wrinkled |
| 4 stages of mitosis | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| semi-conservative DNA replication | continuous leading strand is synthesized discontinuous lagging strand is synthesized in segments DNA ligase splices together short segments of discontinuous strand =2 DNA molecules formed from original |
| role of rER in protein synthesis | mRNA-ribosome complex is directed to rER by signal recognition particle forming protein enters ER sugar groups may be added to protein and alter shape protein is enclosed in a vesicle for transport to golgi body |
| prevents protein coding RNA from being translated | antisense RNAs |
| small RNAs that interfere with mRNAs made by certain exons | micro RNAs |
| double-membrane barrier with pores | nuclear envelope |
| centrosomes separate and migrate toward poles | prophase |
| cytokinesis | division of cytoplasm by cleavage furrow |
| DNA polymerase | only works in one direction |
| converts base sequence of nucleic acids into amino acid sequence of proteins (genetic code) | translation |
| enzyme that oversees synthesis of mRNA | RNA polymerase |
| the diffusion of water across selectively permeable membrane | osmosis, occurs until equilibrium is reached |
| solute concentration is less than cytosol | hypotonic, bloated |
| metaphase plate | plane midway between poles |
| UPS of cell, modifies, concentrates and packages proteins and lipids | golgi apparatus |
| site of steroid and lipid synthesis, no ribosomes | smooth ER |
Created by:
c8linpluemacher
Popular Anatomy sets