Liver and Extrahepatic Bbillary Apparatus
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| What origin is the parenchyma of the liver? | Mesodermal origin from septum transversum
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| Is the endodermal outgrowth from teh second part of the duodenum part of the parenchyma of the liver? | No
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| Name the 3 ducts of the duct system? | Common bile, Cystic and hepatic
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| What is posterior to the foramen of winslow? | IVC
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| how many segments are there of the liver? | 8. 4 right and 4 left
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| How many segments does the left and right hepatic artery supply of the liver? | 4
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| What is the portal triad entering the liver? | Bile duct, Portal vein and Hepatic artery
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| Where does the aterial blood into the liver come from? | The celiac trunk and hepatic artery
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| what does the common hepatic artery branch into? | Gastroduodenal and hepatic artery proper
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| What does the hepatic artery proper branch into? | Right gastric. Most times gives off left and right branch to functional left and functional right lobe of liver
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| What does the hepatic portal vein divide into? | Major left and major right
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| Where does the hepatic portal vein begin? | Confluence of superior mesenteric artery and splenic vein
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| How does blood leave the liver? | Through hepatic veins buried in the liver and empty into IVC
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| Where is apical secretion headed? | over the synosodes and to the central vein
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| What does basolateral secretion allow the bile to do? | Flow in opposite directions. Bile canaliculi allow it.
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| True or false. 30% of the blood coming into the liver is portal vein | False. 70%
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| true or false. 30% of blood coming into the liver is from hepatic artery? | True
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| How is oxygen divided coming into liver? | 1/2 from portal system. 1/2 from hepatic artery
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| What does the superior rectal vein anastomose with? | Middle and inferior rectal vein
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| What do dorsal lumbar veins anastomose with? | Tributaries of superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric veins
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| Where do veins of the falciform ligament anastomose? | Around the umbilicus
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| Where does the middle rectal drain? | Internal iliac
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| Where does the inferior rectal drain? | Inferior pudendal and internal iliac
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| Obstruction of portal vein causes what? | Hypertension, reversal of blood
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| What is a physical sign of cancer in GI tract? | Jaundice when the skin turns yellow
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| What is an alternative to portal hypertension? | Anastomose the splenic vein to the IVC instead
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| What regulates contraction of the gall bladder? | Small peptide hormones. cholecystokinin secreted from stomach wall
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| True or False: Relaxation of sphincter of oddi is through parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve supply | False. through hormonal peptides
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| What supplies the gallbladder? | Right hepatic artery and most times cystic artery
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| What is the function of the gallbladder? | Absorbing water and concentrating bile salts and acids
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| Placement in heptaduodenal ligament | Common bile is on right. Hepatic artery proper is on left. Portal vein is posterior
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| Where can gallstones erode? | In the duodnum or transverse colon
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| Can bile leak into the peritoneal cavity? | No because the greater omentum seals it up
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| When gallbladder is inflammed and touches parietal peritoneum what happens? | Somatic pain goes back through intercostal nerves
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| Describe live liver donor transplant | Donor gives left side, lobe regeneratees right lobe grows up and is completely functional
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