Chap 2 Vocab.
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| Curves between the Mediterranean sea and the Persian gulf | Fertile crescent
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| In Greek it means "between the rivers" | Mesopatamia
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| A Sumerian temple made of sun-dried brick that was dedicated to the chief god or godees of a particular city-state | Ziggurat
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| A political unit with its own government | City-state
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| The worship of many gods | Polytheism
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| Is a series of rulers from one family | Dynasty
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| Sumerian writing | Cuneiform
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| Created a permanent army, the first ruler to do so | Sargon
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| King of Babylonia; he was a brilliant army leader who brought all of mesopotamia into the Babylonian empire | Hammurabi
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| A group of semi-nomadic people who migrated from southern Russia to the Indian subcontinent around 1700 B.C | Indo-Europeans
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| Arid grassland | Steppes
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| Chaldean king of Babylon from 605 to 652 BC; he rebuilt Babylon into a beutifal city noted for its famed Hanging Gardens | Nebuchadnezzer II
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| A monotheism religon originating with the Israelites, tracing its origins to Abraham, and having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the hebrew scriptures and the talmud | Judaism
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| The most sacred text of Judaism | Torah
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| Accroding to the Bible, the originator of the Jewish line of desceht; According to the Qu'ran, the ancestor Arabs; he held a deep devotion to and a great trust in the will of God | Abraham
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| Convenant | Solemn promise
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| ancestral "fathers" | Patriarchs
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| Hebrew prophet and lawgiver; according to the Bible, he led the Hebrew people out of egypt and back to Cannan in the Exodus. Acoording to the Bible, it was during this journey that he recieved the Ten commandments from God | Moses
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| The escape of the Hebrews from Egypt | Exodus
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| The scattering of the Jews outside Judah | Diaspora
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| Belief in one God | Monotheism
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| King of Persia and founder of the persian empire; he defeated the median army and united the Persians empire and medians uder his rule | Cyrus the Great
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| king of Persia from 522 to 486 BC; he recognized and strengthed the Persian empire by reforming the army and the government | Darius
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| A governor of ancient Persia | Satrap
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| Son of Darius, tried to expand upon his father's success | Xerus
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| Made a religon based on his teachings | Zoroaster
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| The belief that the world is controlled by two opposing forces, good and evil | Dualism
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