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Cranial Nerves

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Number
Name
Origin
Termination
Function
Sensory, Motor, Or Both
I   Olfactory   show Olfactory Bulb   smell   Special Sensory  
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II   show Retina of eye   Thalamus and Optical Cortex   sight   Special Sensory  
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III   Oculomotor   Midbrain   Eye   show Somatic Motor- innervates 4 of 6 extraocular muscles, Visceral Motor- parasympathetic, innervates constrictor pupillae and ciliary muscles  
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IV   Trochlear   Midbrain   Eye   Motor to muscles that move the eye   show
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V   Trigeminal   show Mandible, maxillary, eye   motor to muscles of mastication, tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini. Sensory from the majority of the head and neck including the teeth and gingival   SOmatic Sensory- receive impulses from face and head, carry impulses of pain, touch and temp, proprioception. Branchial Motor- fibers to muscles of mastification, tensor tympani, tensor palatini  
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show Abducens   Inferior region of Pons   Lateral rectus muscle of eye   Motor to muscles that move the eye (laterally)   Somatic Motor- motor to one extraocular muscle  
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VII   Facial   Pons   face and tongue   show Motor- branchial & visceral, Sensory- somatic, visceral and special  
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VIII   Vestibulochochlear   Inner ear hearing and equilibrium apparatus   show Sense of balance and hearing, sensory receptors in inner ear   Special Sensory  
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IX   show Medulla   Throat   Motor to stylopharyngeus, parotid gland, sensory from small area of eardrum, auditory meatus, pinna of ear, Sensory from receptors in ear, pharynx, carotid body, Taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue, Swallowing, salivary gland secretion, taste   Motor- branchial, visceral, Sensory- special, somatic, visceral  
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X   Vagus   Medulla   show Motor to soft palate, pharynx, larynx, Motor to GI, thorax, abdomen, Sensory from ear drum, external auditory meatus, pinna of ear, Sensory from general visceral organs, taste from epiglottis   Motor- branchial, visceral, Sensory- special, somatic, visceral  
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XI   Accessory   Medulla & Superior aspect of spinal cord   Muscles of neck and back   show Branchial Motor- motor to trapezius, sternomastoid, muscles of the larynx  
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XII   Hypoglossal   Medulla   Tongue   show Somatic Motor- to all intrinsic and majority of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue  
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