A&P I Lab - Body Terminology
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| Anatomy | study of the structure of an organism
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| biology | study of life
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| physiology | study of the function of the living organism
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| endomorphs | have large waistlines and are apple-shaped or fattest in the abdomen
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| mesomorphs | pear-shaped bodies, broad shouldered, narrow waist
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| ectomorphs | thin, lean, fragile, long fingers, toes and neck
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| superior | toward the head; also means upper and above
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| inferior | toward the feet; lower or below
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| anterior | front; or in front of
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| posterior | back; or in back of
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| ventral | toward the belly
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| dorsal | toward the back
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| medial | toward the midline of the body
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| lateral | toward the side of the body or away from the midline
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| proximal | toward or nearest the trunk of the body or nearest the point of origin of one's body parts
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| distal | away from or farthest from the trunk or point of origin of a body part
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| superficial | nearer the surface
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| deep | furthest away from the surface
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| cadavers | preserved human bodies used for scientific study
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| radiography | or xray photography is the oldest and still most widely used method of noninvasive imaging of the internal body structure. In this method, energy in the x band of the radiation spectrum is beamed through the body to photographic film.
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| CT Scan (Computer Tomograph) | newer variation of traditional xray. In this method, a device with an xray source on one side of the body and an xray detector on the other side and is rotated around the central axis of the subjects body.
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| MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) | type of scanning that uses a magnetic field to induce tissues to emit radio frequency waves. An RF detector coil senses the waves and sends the information to a computer that constructs sectional images similar to those produced in CT scanning.
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| Ultrasonography (Ultrasound) | high frequency ultrasonic waves are reflected off internal tissues to produce an image called a sonogram.
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| pathology | the study of diseases
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| syndrome | collection of different signs and symptoms that occur together
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| acute | when signs and symptoms suddenly appear, persist for a short time then disappear
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| chronic | disease that develop slowly and last for a long time perhaps for life
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| sub acute | disease with characteristics somewhere between acute and chronic
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| communicable diseases | those that can be transmitted from one person to another
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| endemic | disease that is native to a local region
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| epidemic | disease spreads to many individuals at the same time
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| pandemic | epidemic that affect large geographic regions, perhaps even worldwide
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