Abbreviations and info needed for Quiz 1
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| Charlatans | people with no medical training that offered worthless "snake oil" cures
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| Family Doctor | 18th-early 20th century health care provider trainind in general healthcare skills who treated patients in their home
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| Holistic approach to healthcare | focuses on treating the whole person, physical and emotional needs are met
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| Hospital | type of HC organization, usually for acute care, can be general or specific - take care of patients
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| Sub-acute Care Units | Skilled nursing units, can be within a hospital, rehab facility - patients require recovered enough to leave the hospital but not enough to go home - take care of patients
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| Long-term Care Facility | Nursing home - for people unable to care for themselves at home - take care of residents
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| Assited Living Facility | Type of long-term care facility for people who need limited help - take care of residents
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| Home Health Care | Provide skilled care in a person's home - take care of clients
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| Hospice Organiztions | Provide care for people who are dying and their families. Receive services when 3-6 months to live
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| DON | Director of Nursing - supervises RN's, LPN's and CNA's
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| Who is the focus of the healthcare team? | the patient or resident
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| US Department of Health and Human Services | primary government agency responsible for protecting the nation's health - DHHS
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| OBRA | Omnibus Budget Reconcilliation Act of 1987 - law passed to protect people living in long term care facilities by ensuring a certain standard of care
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| FDA | Food and Drug Administration - ensures safety of the nation's drugs, medical devices, food and cosmetics
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| CDC | Centers for Disease Control
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| The Joint Commission | private independent agency that can certify (or accredidate) a facility's healthcare standards or quality
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| OSHA | Occupational Safety and Health Administration - government agency responsible for protecting workers ensuring their safety
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| Medicare | federally funded insurance for 65 and older or younger diabled people
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| Medicaid | federally funded state regulated insurance plan for low income people
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| CNA Training | OBRA requires minimum 75 hours of classroom training, hands on and clinical experience and a competency evaluation(test)and skills test
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| What does OBRA require each state to maintain? | OBRA requires states to maintain a registry of people who have successfully completed the training
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| y.o. | year old
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| Dx | diagnosis
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| CVA | cerebral vascular accident
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| Fx | fracture
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| ADL | activities of daily living
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| amb | ambulate
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| HOH | hard of hearing
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| gtt | drop
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| gtts | drops
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| r | right
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| l | left
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| bid | twice a day
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| prn | as needed or as necessary
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| Hx | history
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| DM | diabetes mellitus
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| FBS | fasting blood sugar
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| ac | before meals
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| q | every
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| HS | hour of sleep
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| c/o | complain of
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| b/p | blood pressure
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| ECG | electrocardiogram
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| wnl | within normal limits
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| HOB | head of bed
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| bm | bowel movement
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| qd | every day/daily
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| LVN | licensed vocational nurse
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| LPN | licensed practical nurse
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| RN | registered nurse
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| Charge Nurse | RN or LPN/LVN who supervises other nurses on a shift
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| Scope of Practice | range of tasks a CNA is legally permitted to perform
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| Five Rights of Delegation | Right Task - is it legally allowed
Right Circumstance - can it be performed safely
Right Person - am I trained for this
Right Direction - do I have clear directions
Right Supervision - is the nurse available to supervise and answer questions
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| Patients' Rights | Respectful, information, decision power, specify wishes, privacy, confidentiality, ability review records, suggest alternatives, informed of business relationships, agree or decline studies, informed of otions, payment options
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| Residents' Rights | care decisions, privacy, free from abuse, visitors and share room w/spouse, personal pocessions, finances, informed Medicare-aid, facility compliance, stay in facility, join groups, advocacy groups, right to work or volunteer at the facility
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| Advanced Directive | Document that allows wishes regarding healthcare to be known
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| Durable Power of Attorney | transfers responsibility for healthcare decisions to someone else - healthcare agent to make decisions on the persons behalf
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| Living Will | allows person to give on end of life medical treatments - what they want and do not want done
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| Civil Law | laws concerned with relationships between individuals
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| Criminal Law | laws concerned with relationship between individual and society
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| Unintentional Tort | harm or injury occurs without intent - negligent
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| Tort | a wrong
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| Intentional Tort | harm or injury that is intentional - ex. defamation, assault, battery, fraud, larceny
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| Defamation | making untrue statements that hurt another's reputation - oral=slander, written=libel
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| Ethics | moral principals or standards that govern behavior
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| Communication | exchange of information
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| Describe the Process of Communication | Sender creates a message, sender delivers a message, receiver receives a message, receiver provides feedback
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| Verbal Communication | uses language - spoken, written or signed
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| Non-verbal Communication | uses facial expressions, gestures, body language, tone of voice - tends to be more subtle
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| Open ended questions | effective way to communicate to get people to talk and make sure that they understand you
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| Objective Data | information that you obtain directly through measurement or your 5 senses
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| Subjective Data | information that is a symptom told by the patient, cannot be measure directly or assessed
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| Reporting | required by nursing assistants - report - observations,patient/resident complaints of pain or discomfort, refusal of treatment or request for clergy
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| Recording/Charting | communicating about a patient/resident to their healthcare team members in written ruler
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| Steps of the Nursing Process | 1. Assessment 2. Diagnosis 3. Planning 4. Implementation 5. Evaluation
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| Steps to correct error in a medical report | Draw a line through the error, write error above, write correct data and initial
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| Acute Illness | condition characterized by rapid onset and short recovery time
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| Chronic Illness | ongoing condition that needs continuous treatment and or medication
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| Terminal Illness | illness or condition from which recovery is not expected
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| Stages of Growth and Development | infancy-birth to 1yr, toddler- 1 to 3yrs, preschool- 3 to 5yrs, school age-5 to 12yrs, adolescence- 12-20yrs, young adulthood- 20 to 40yrs, middle adulthood-40 to 65yrs, later adulthood-65 to 75yrs, old adulthood-75+yrs
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| Maslow's Hierarchy of Human Needs | visual hierarchy that low level needs must be met before higher level needs can be addressed
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| TB | Tuberculosis - airborne disease
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| TB Infection | person is infected but does not show signs of the disease - your immune system is protecting you from getting sick
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| TB Disease | immune system has failed, person needs treatment and medication
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