Pathologies of all units in A&P
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| Scoliosis | sideways curvature of the spine
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| Lordosis | inward curvature of the lumbar spine
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| Kyphosis | curvature of the cervical and/or thoracic section of the spine
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| Rheumatoid arthritis | An auto-immune disease that attacks the membranes of the joints
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| Gout | form of arthritis where there is a build up of uric crystals in the joint capsule & cartilage
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| Osteoporosis | Brittle bone disease
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| Muscle atrophy | Wasting away of bulk muscle tissue due to undernourishment or lack of use
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| Muscle strain | over use, over exertion or over stretching of a muscle
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| Muscle sprain | sudden twist or wrench of a ligament
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| Muscle fatigue | direct term for the inability to exert normal use of a muscle
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| Spasticity | inhibitory nerves have been cut, therefore spinal reflexes cause sustained contraction
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| Cramp | involuntary contraction of one or more muscles
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| Fibromyalgia | pain, stiffness and tenderness of muscles, joints and tendons.
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| Myositis | inflammation of a muscle
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| Basal cell carcinoma | most common form of cancer
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| Hodgkin's disease | Cancer of the lymphatic tissue
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| Lymphoedema | Oedema resulting from an obstruction in the lymphatic vessels
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| Oedema/Water retention | swelling due to excess fluid
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| Addison's disease | hypo-secretion of adrenocortical hormones
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| Cushing's syndrome | hyper-secretion of adrenocortical hormones
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| Amenorrhoea | Absence of menstruation- can be caused by hypersecretion of testosterone, stress, radical weight loss or anaemia
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| Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome | multiple growth of follicular ovarian cysts, enlarged ovaries, high levels of oestrogen
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| Diabetes Mellitis | auto-immune disease where pancreas is unable to produce insulin,doesnt produce enough or the body doesnt respond properly to the insulin produced
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| Diabetes Insipidus | impaired ADH production
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| Endometriosis | presence of endometrium outside
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| Bell's Palsy | injury or infection of the facial nerve
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| Neuritis | inflammation of a nerve
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| Neuralgia | burning or stabbing pain along a nerve
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| Parkinsons disease | progressive disease caused by damage to the basal ganglia of the brain and a loss of dopamine(neuro-transmitter)
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| Myalgic Encephalomyelitis | inflammation of the brain and spinal cord - chronic fatigue syndrome
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| Cerebral Palsy | damage caused to the brain during birth or pre natal defect - affects motor system control
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| Multiple Sclerosis | loss of myelin sheath from CNS
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| Sciatica | pressure on the roots of the sciatic nerve
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| Motor neurone disease | progressive disorder, deterioration of motor nerves- weakness and wasting of muscles
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| Bronchitis | Inflammation of the bronchial tubes
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| Emphysema | alveoli stretch and lose elasticity
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| Pleurisy | Inflammation of the pleural lining
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| Pneumonia | Inflammation of lung tissue caused by infection
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| Tuberculosis | disease caused by bacteria either inhaled or eaten
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| Asthma | difficulty in exhalation, coughing and wheezing
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| Rhinitis | stuffy congested nose and sinuses
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| Sinusitis | Inflammation of sinuses, causing facial pain
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| Hay fever | allergic rhinitis
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| Appendicitis | Inflammation of the appendix
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| Cirrhosis of the liver | chronic damage to the liver
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| Jaundice | excessive levels of bile pigment-malfunction of the gall bladder or obstructed flow of bile
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| Heartburn | burning sensation in oesophagus, back flow of stomach acid
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| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | stomach and bowel pain, bouts of diarrhoea and constipation
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| Ulcer | Erosions in the walls of the digestive system
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| Hernia | Rupture, where an organ pushes through the surface enclosing it
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| Anorexia Nervosa | loss of appetite, psychological condition where they stop eating
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| Bulimia | Psychological condition of binging and purging
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| Constipation | Infrequent or uncomfortable bowel movements
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| Gall stones | Stones formed from residues of bile pigments, cholesterol and calcium salts
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| Coeliac's disease | common bowel condition caused by an intolerance to gluten
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| Cystitis | Inflammation of the bladder
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| Kidney stones | deposits of substances found in urine forming solid stones in the renal pelvis, bladder or ureters
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| Nephritis | inflammation of the kidney tissue
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| Ectopic pregnancy | pregnancy which occurs outside of the uterus
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| Dysmenorrhoea | extremely difficult and painful menstruastion
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| Pre-Menstrual Syndrome | onset of menstruation
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| Mastitis | inflammation of the breast tissue
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| Osteo arthritis | de-generative condition as a result of injury or aging
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