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Pathologies
Pathologies of all units in A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Scoliosis | sideways curvature of the spine |
| Lordosis | inward curvature of the lumbar spine |
| Kyphosis | curvature of the cervical and/or thoracic section of the spine |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | An auto-immune disease that attacks the membranes of the joints |
| Gout | form of arthritis where there is a build up of uric crystals in the joint capsule & cartilage |
| Osteoporosis | Brittle bone disease |
| Muscle atrophy | Wasting away of bulk muscle tissue due to undernourishment or lack of use |
| Muscle strain | over use, over exertion or over stretching of a muscle |
| Muscle sprain | sudden twist or wrench of a ligament |
| Muscle fatigue | direct term for the inability to exert normal use of a muscle |
| Spasticity | inhibitory nerves have been cut, therefore spinal reflexes cause sustained contraction |
| Cramp | involuntary contraction of one or more muscles |
| Fibromyalgia | pain, stiffness and tenderness of muscles, joints and tendons. |
| Myositis | inflammation of a muscle |
| Basal cell carcinoma | most common form of cancer |
| Hodgkin's disease | Cancer of the lymphatic tissue |
| Lymphoedema | Oedema resulting from an obstruction in the lymphatic vessels |
| Oedema/Water retention | swelling due to excess fluid |
| Addison's disease | hypo-secretion of adrenocortical hormones |
| Cushing's syndrome | hyper-secretion of adrenocortical hormones |
| Amenorrhoea | Absence of menstruation- can be caused by hypersecretion of testosterone, stress, radical weight loss or anaemia |
| Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome | multiple growth of follicular ovarian cysts, enlarged ovaries, high levels of oestrogen |
| Diabetes Mellitis | auto-immune disease where pancreas is unable to produce insulin,doesnt produce enough or the body doesnt respond properly to the insulin produced |
| Diabetes Insipidus | impaired ADH production |
| Endometriosis | presence of endometrium outside |
| Bell's Palsy | injury or infection of the facial nerve |
| Neuritis | inflammation of a nerve |
| Neuralgia | burning or stabbing pain along a nerve |
| Parkinsons disease | progressive disease caused by damage to the basal ganglia of the brain and a loss of dopamine(neuro-transmitter) |
| Myalgic Encephalomyelitis | inflammation of the brain and spinal cord - chronic fatigue syndrome |
| Cerebral Palsy | damage caused to the brain during birth or pre natal defect - affects motor system control |
| Multiple Sclerosis | loss of myelin sheath from CNS |
| Sciatica | pressure on the roots of the sciatic nerve |
| Motor neurone disease | progressive disorder, deterioration of motor nerves- weakness and wasting of muscles |
| Bronchitis | Inflammation of the bronchial tubes |
| Emphysema | alveoli stretch and lose elasticity |
| Pleurisy | Inflammation of the pleural lining |
| Pneumonia | Inflammation of lung tissue caused by infection |
| Tuberculosis | disease caused by bacteria either inhaled or eaten |
| Asthma | difficulty in exhalation, coughing and wheezing |
| Rhinitis | stuffy congested nose and sinuses |
| Sinusitis | Inflammation of sinuses, causing facial pain |
| Hay fever | allergic rhinitis |
| Appendicitis | Inflammation of the appendix |
| Cirrhosis of the liver | chronic damage to the liver |
| Jaundice | excessive levels of bile pigment-malfunction of the gall bladder or obstructed flow of bile |
| Heartburn | burning sensation in oesophagus, back flow of stomach acid |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | stomach and bowel pain, bouts of diarrhoea and constipation |
| Ulcer | Erosions in the walls of the digestive system |
| Hernia | Rupture, where an organ pushes through the surface enclosing it |
| Anorexia Nervosa | loss of appetite, psychological condition where they stop eating |
| Bulimia | Psychological condition of binging and purging |
| Constipation | Infrequent or uncomfortable bowel movements |
| Gall stones | Stones formed from residues of bile pigments, cholesterol and calcium salts |
| Coeliac's disease | common bowel condition caused by an intolerance to gluten |
| Cystitis | Inflammation of the bladder |
| Kidney stones | deposits of substances found in urine forming solid stones in the renal pelvis, bladder or ureters |
| Nephritis | inflammation of the kidney tissue |
| Ectopic pregnancy | pregnancy which occurs outside of the uterus |
| Dysmenorrhoea | extremely difficult and painful menstruastion |
| Pre-Menstrual Syndrome | onset of menstruation |
| Mastitis | inflammation of the breast tissue |
| Osteo arthritis | de-generative condition as a result of injury or aging |
Created by:
smyleekim
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