Pop/Elite Culture - War of Austrian Succession
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| elite culture | people of social and/or monetary wealth (or power); spoke official languages; communicated by print; liked Greece and Rome; higher living standards; more knowledge, so thought they should make decisions for you
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| popular culture | general public who couldn't afford/didnt have power for elite stuff; spoke vernacular; oral communication; Middle Ages; lower living standards; the masses
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| what did elite and pop culture have in common | religion and the church! worked for a while, but elite eventually build their own; health wont ask or care
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| increase of wealth in Western Europe in 18th century: 2 methods | system responsible: capitalism, led to significant money
how: domestic system, putting out the work
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| GB had no _______ tariffs | internal; have erased Medival system, modern merchantalist system
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| necessary for Euro merchants of the 18th century to succeed in transocean trade (what?) | country participation; finance from government; military to defend you
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| how can a country compete with foreign competition? (GB and India) | 1: slap a tarriff (at least gov gets revinue) 2: ban it (stuff gets through anyway) 3: take over the country themselves
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| Hispanola (Santo Domingo | richest of the French sugar colonies in the Americas
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| British capitalism of 18th century based on what labor force? | slavery; max profits by min cost of production and find people to buy it; reduce production costs to practically nothing based on african slavery; basically all profit; captialism relies on a cheap labor source
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| the 18th century period for France was a period of absolutism checked and balanced by organized _____ groups. it was an age in which ____ won back many powers of which Louis XIV had tried to deprive of them. | priviledged, nobles; Louis XIV dies in 1715, now he's dead nobles have chance to gain their power back; wealthy commoner would also love for absolute monarchy to be gone
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| Jacobites | supported the return of the pretender, aka James II to the English throne
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| economic bubble | wild, irrational investment in a particular aspect of the economy; when irrationality goes away, after awhile, rational thought comes in; burst - the rush to get out is the burst of the bubble; growing - wild investing
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| how did France and GB handle their bubbles? | GB: can finance debt (tax people)
FR: just don't pay it back, cant tax the nobility, discourages countries to lend to Fr
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| why is it important to 'free your people' like GB did in the 18th century | what does innovation come from? free people who ave insentive to do things and society benefits ("invest or i'll whip!" nope); insentive to do so - if they achieve great things, benefits come with it
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| Robert Walpole | 1st Prime Minister
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| War of Austrian Succession | 1740: Fredrick the Great (II) invades Silecia, challenging the Pragmatic Sanction and Austrian dominence of the German states
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| results of Austrian Succession (Peace of Utrect) | Prussia gets Silecia (woohoo); Austria keeps Belgium (we dont care); demonstrated weakness of French position between European and overseas ambitions; HRE stays intact; Diplomatic Revolution
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| Diplomatic Revolution of 1756 | leads to a contrinuation of conflict between Austria and Prussia.... Austria+FR+Russia and Prussia+GB; why? France now sees Prussia as the biggest threat to German unification
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| Seven Years War | continuation of War of Austrian Succession, but with different partners; starts in America; Prussia wins in continent, GB wins overseas
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| Peace of Hubertusburg | 7 years war; Prussia mantains Silecia; German 'Dualism' established
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| Treaty of Paris | 7 years war; France ceded all territory in N America east of Miss to GB, west of Miss to Spain (we'll get it back later)
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