BIOL 1300 Final Exam Review
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| What is the study of how the body functions? | physiology
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| The dorsal body cavity contains the | brain and spinal cavity
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| The simplest form of carbogydrate is | monosaccharides
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| All enzymes are | proteins
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| Describe the small body in the nucleus that assembles ribosomes. | nucleolus
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| Name the phase of mitosis when the chromosomes pull apart. | anaphase
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| The support cells of the nervous system are | neuroglia
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| Name the tissue enclosing the heart. | pericardium
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| The incidence of a disease refers to its | range of occurrence
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| Syphilis and Lyme disease are caused by | spirochetes
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| The hypodermis is also called the | subcutaneous tissue
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| Light touch is sensed by the | Meissner corpuscles
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| Describe a haversian canal | channel in dense bone
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| Where is spongy bone found? | in bone epiphyses
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| The ion that binds the troponin/tropomyosin complex is | calcium
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| A muscle that moves the head is | sternocleidomastoid
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| Fibers that conduct impulses away from the cell body are called | axons
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| Before the start of the action potential, the neuron membrane is | at rest
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| The "little brain" located beneath the posterior part of the cerebral hemispheres is the | cerebellum
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| A deep groove in the brain is called a | fissure
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| The blind spot is also called the | optic disk
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| Rhodopsin is the pigament found in the | rods
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| Cortisol is produced by the | adrenal cortex
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| The best treatment for anaphylaxis is | epinephrine
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| The most abundant protein in plasma is | albumin
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| Blood is considered to be | liquid connective tissue
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| The outermost layer of the heart wall is called the | epicardium
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| Threads that attach the valve flaps to the ventricle walls are called | chordae tendinae
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| A vessel that supplies blood to the intestine? | mesenteric
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| The brachiocephalic vein is formed by the union of the | subclavian and jugular veins
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| The veins that receive lymph from two terminal lymphatic vessels are the | subclavian veins
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| Kupffer cells are phagocytes located in the | liver
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| A substance that causes blood vessels to dilate is | histamine
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| T cells are activated by binding proteins on the macrophages called | MHC receptors and antigen fragments
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| The most superior portion of the pharynx is the | nasopharynx
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| The amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs by maximum exhalation following maximum inhalation is the | vital capacity
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| The hardest substance found in a tooth is | enamel
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| The lesser omentum is between the | stomach and lvier
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| An essential amino acid is | must be ingested in the diet
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| A mineral found in hemoglobin is | iron
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| The most important osmoreceptors are located in the | hypothalamus
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| Respiratory acidosis could result from | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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| The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of cells in the | distal convoluted tubule and afferent arteriole
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| Micturition is an action of the | urinary system
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| The coiled tube on the testis that stores spermatozoa is the | epididymis
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| The head of the spermatozoon contains large amounts of | DNA
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| The normal chromosome number of the zygote is | 46
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| The enlargement of the uterus during pregnancy is directly stimulated by | estrogen
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| An individual that heterozygous for a completely dominant trait | will show dominant phenotype
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| A chemical that causes a chromosome to break is called a(n) | mutagen
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| The system that transports blood to and from the cells is the | circulatory system
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| The breakdown of complex glycogen molecules into simple glucose molecules is most accurately described as a(n) | catabolic reaction
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| The positively charged particles in the atom nucleus are called | protons
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| A substance that dissolves in another substance is a(n) | solute
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| The plasma membrane is best described as | selectively permeable
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| An organelle that produces energy for the cell is called a(n) | mitochondrion
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| The removal of living tissue for microscopic examination is called | biopsy
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| Inflammation of the serous membrane within the abdominal cavity results in a condition called | peritonitis
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| A disease that is neither severe nor very long lasting is described as | subacute
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| A mycotic disease is caused by | fungi
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| A decubitus is a(n) | bedsore
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| The hard keratin that makes up fingernails is synthesized by cells in the | stratum corneum
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| A short channel through a bone is called a | meatus
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| Bone growth in children occurs in the | epiphyseal plates
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| A single neuron and all the muscle fibers it stimulates comprise a(n) | motor unit
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| The hamstring muscles act to | flex the leg
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| A collection of neuron cell bodies outside the central nervous system is called a | ganglion
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| The parasympathetic ganglia are called | terminal ganglia
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| Cerebrospinal fluid flows from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle via the | foramina
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| Multi-infarct dementia results from | a series of small cerebrovascular accidents
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| Which area of the tongue is particularly sensitive to sweet tastes? | the tip
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| Night blindness is due to a deficiency in vitamin | A
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| An example of a mineralcorticoid is | aldosterone
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| The large gland located on either side of the larynx is the | thyroid gland
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| Platelets are derived from large bone marrow cells called | megakaryocytes
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| A band cell is an immature | neutrophil
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| The valve preventing blood from re-entering the left ventricle is the | aortic valve
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| The normal pacemaker of the heart is the | sinoatrial node
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| A clot that breaks loose and floats in the blood is called a(n) | embolus
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| Blood pressure readings are reported as | systolic pressure/diastolic pressure
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| Macrophages are phagocytes that develop from | monocytes
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| Inflammation of the lymph nodes is called | lymphadentitis
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| Name the classic symptom(s) of inflammation. | redness, heat, swelling
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| Rejection syndrome can occur as a result of | transplantation
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| The C in COPD stands for | chronic
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| The term pneumothorax refers to accumulation of air in the | pleural space
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| The pyloric sphincter regulates the flow of food into the | duodenum
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| Bilirubin is a byproduct of the destruction of | red blood cells
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| The end products of cellular respiration are | carbon dioxide and water
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| Most body heat is lost through the | skin
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| The most abundant anion in plasma membranes is | phosphate
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| The activity of the thirst center will be increased if | blood osmolarity is increased
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| Materials are driven out of the glomerulus into the glomerular capsule because of | blood pressure
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| Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney results in | pyelonephritis
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| Progesterone levels are highest during | the secretory phase
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| An acrosome would be found in a | spermatozoon
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| Labor can be artificially initiated by the administration of | oxytocin
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| The umbilical cord contains | two arteries and one vein
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| List conditions that exist if a person is a carrier for a particular disease. | the disease must be recessive, and the person's genotype must be heterozygous
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| A disorder resulting from a change in chromosome number is | Down Syndrome
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