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Vocab on Bone Structure and Bone Tissue

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Question
Answer
Define stiffness   ratio of stress to strain in a loaded material - that is, the stress divided by the relative amount of change in the structure's shape  
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What is compressive strength?   ability to resist pressing or squeezing force  
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Define tensile strength   ability to resist pulling or stretching force  
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Define porous   containing pores or cavities  
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What is cortical bone?   compact mineralized connective tissue with low porosity that is found in the shafts of long bones  
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What is trabecular bone?   less compact mineralized connective tissue with high porosity that is found in the ends of long bones and in the vertebrae  
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Define strain   amount of deformation divided by the original length of the structure or by the original angular orientation of the structure  
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What is the axial skeleton?   the skull, vertebrae, sternum, and ribs  
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What is the appendicular skeleton?   bones composting the body appendages  
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Define short bones   small, cubical skeletal structures, including the carpals and tarsals  
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Define flat bones   skeletal structures that are largely flat in shape - for example, the scapula  
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What are irregular bones?   skeletal structures of irregular shape - for example, the sacrum  
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What are long bones?   skeletal structures consisting of a long shaft with bulbous ends - for example, the femur  
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Define articular cartilage   protective layer of firm, flexible connective tissue over the articulating ends of long bones  
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What is epiphysis?   growth center of a bonee that produces new bone tissue as part of the normal growth process until it closes during adolescence or early adulthood  
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What is periosteum?   double-layered membrane covering bone; muscle tendons attach to the outside layer, and the internal layer is a site of osteoblast activity  
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