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Conditions of the Cardiovascular System

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Condition
Definition
acrocyanosis   bluish coloration of the extremitites due to lack of oxygen  
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aneurysm   bulging of a blood bessel due to weakness in the wall  
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angioma   tumor of the blood vessel  
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angina pectoris   chest pain, sensation of tightness in the chest, lack of oxygen to the heart muscle  
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aortic insufficiency   aortic valve not closing completely, causing a backflow of blood  
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aortic stenosis   narrowing of the aorta  
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arrhythmia   irregular heartbeat  
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arterial embolism   blood clot in an artery  
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arteriosclerosis   hardening of the walls of the arteries  
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arteriosclerotic heart disease (ashd)   chronic arteriosclerosis  
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atherosclerosis   hardening of the arteries from plaque  
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bradycardia   slow heartbeat below 60 beats per minute  
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cardiomegaly   enlarged heart  
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cardiomyopathy   a disease of the heart or heart muscle  
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congenital heart anomaly   heart defect that is present at birth  
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congestive heart failure (chf)   the heart pumps inadequately, causing edema, or shortness of breath, and weakness  
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coronary artery disease (cad)   narrowing of the arteries to the heart  
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coronary thrombosis   blood clot in the coronary vessel  
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deep vein thrombosis (dvt)   blood clot in the femoral or pelvic veins  
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ectopic   usually an extra beat of the heart  
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embolism   free moving clot caused by plaque build up that may clog an artery  
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endocarditis   inflammation of the inner lining of the heart  
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fibrillation   abnormal contractions of the heart  
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gangrene   lack of blood supply causes death to tissue  
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heart valve prolapse   a heart valve fails to close completely, resulting in a backflow of blood  
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heart valve stenosis   heart valve flaps harden and are unable to open completely making it difficult for blood to flow through  
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hypertension   high blood pressure  
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hypotension   low blood pressure  
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infarct   tissue death that results from an inadequate blood supply  
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mitral stenosis   narrowing of the opening of the mitral valve  
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murmur   abnormal sound in the heart  
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myocardial infarction (mi)   heart attack, caused by the closing, or occulsion, of the coronary arteries  
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pericarditis   inflammation of the pericardium  
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peripheral vascular disease (pvd)   a disease of the arteries  
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phlebitis   inflammation of a vein  
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raynaud's phenomenon   attack of cyanosis and painful extremities, due to cold or stress, causing arterial constriction  
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regurgitation   backflow of blood through a valve  
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rheumatic heart disease   valvular disease from having rheumatic fever  
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sick sinus syndrome   the sinus node sends impulses too slowly or stops producing impulses  
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stenosis   the narrowing of a blood vessel or valve  
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tachycardia   rapid heart beat over 100 beats a minute  
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thrombophlebitis   inflammation of the vein from a blood clot  
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thrombus   blood clot  
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valvular insufficiency   failure of a heart valve to close completely, resulting in a backflow  
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varicose veins   swollen veins usually in the leg  
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