Chabner, Language of Medicine 8th Edition, Ch 7 Urinary System
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| Trigone | portion of the urinary bladder (triangular shaped)
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| Glomerular | pertaining to small balls of capillaries in the kidney
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| Meatal stenosis | Narrowing of the urethral opening to the outside of the body
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| (an) Electrolyte | Sodium (also, potassium and chloride)
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| Creatinine | a Nitrogenous waste
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| pyel/o | renal pelvis
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| anuria | "no urine" a term that means no urine production.
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| perivesical | surrounding the urinary bladder (-al = pertaining to, vesic/o = urinary bladder, peri- = surrounding)
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| uremia | azotemia (-emia = abnormal blood condition, -azot/o = nitrogen) of excess urea (or other nitrogenous wastes) in the blood
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| name of procedure/record which is an X-Ray of the urinary tract | KUB - Kidney, Ureter, Bladder (also known as "plain film")
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| Oliguria | scanty urine (-uria = urine, olig/o = scanty)
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| Hernia of the tube connecting the kidney and urinary bladder | ureterocele (-cele = hernia, urtere/o = tubes connecting kidney to bladder)
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| Hemodialysis | Artificial Kidney Machine (thorough and complete separation of wastes from the blood via mechanical filtration.)
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| nephrolithotomy | incision to remove a renal calculus (stone)
(-tomy = incision, nephr/o = kidney, lith/o = stone)
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| albuminuria | protein in the urine (-uria = urine, albumin/o = protein)
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| pyuria | pus in the urine - for example, by renal abscess. (-uria = urine, py/o = pus)
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| Alkaline | Basic - pertaining to a base. Alkaline is capable of neutralizing acids. Think: Alka-Seltzer plop plop fizz fizz! (pH greater than 7.0)
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| Nephrotic Syndrome | A group of symptoms marked by edema, proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia
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| high levels of ketones in the blood can lead to | acidosis (accumulation of acid or depletion of the alkaline reserves, can be deadly.)
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| Wilms tumor | CHILDHOOD renal carcinoma (cancer of the kidney in childhood)
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| Urinary retention | urine is retained in the bladder
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| What is the BUN test? (Blood, Urea, Nitrogen) | measures urea levels in blood - test for Uremia.
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| Nephrosclerosis | Hardening of blood vessels in the kidney (-sclerosis = hardening, nephr/o = kidney)
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| ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy | Shock waves crush urinary tract stones (test is performed while patient is immersed in a body of water)
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| glycosuria | sugar in the urine; a symptom of diabetes mellitus (-ia = condition, ur/o = urine, glyc/o = sugar)
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| hematuria | color of the urine is smoky red owing to presence of blood (-ia = condition, ur/o = urine, hem/o = blood)
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| pyuria | urine is turbid (cloudy) owing to presence of WBC's (white blood cells) and pus. (-uria = urination, urine condition, (py/o = pus)
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| sediment | abnormal particles are present in urine - cells, bacteria, casts
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| pH (test) | Urine test that reflects the acidity or alkalinity of urine. Neutral pH is 7.0. Alkaline is greater than 7.0, Acidic is below 7.0
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| bilirubinuria | Dark pigment accumulates in urine as a result of liver disease (bilirubin is the pigment)
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| ketonuria | high levels of acids and acetones accumulate in urine
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| leaky glomeruli can produce this accumulation of albumin in urine | proteinuria
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| high blood presure that is idiopathic | ESSENTIAL hypertension (idiopathic = cause is unknown)
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| high blood pressure cased by kidney disease | SECONDARY hypertension (cause is known)
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| malignant tumor of the kidney | Renal Cell Carcinoma (renal cell = kidney)
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| a tube for withdrawing or giving fluid | catheter
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| swelling, fluid in tissues | edema
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| inadequate secretion of ADH | diabetes INSIPIDUS - "inadequate secretion or resistance of the kidney to the action of AntiDiuretic Hormone - ADH) - With diabetes insipidus, kidneys resist antidiuretics
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| Diabetes Mellitus | Inadequate secretion or improper utilization of INSULIN. Major signs are glycosuria, hyperglycemia, plyuria, polydipsia. Mellitus means sweet, reflection the content of the urine. Diabetes Mellitus is commonly known as "Diabetes"
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| stricture | narrowed.
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