phm 315 ch 5
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| adip/o | fat
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| lip/o | fat
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| steat/o | fat
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| derm/o | skin
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| dermat/o | skin
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| cutane/o | skin
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| erythr/o | red
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| hidr/o | sweat
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| hist/o | tissue
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| histi/o | tissue
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| ischthy/o | fish
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| kerat/o | hard
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| scler/o | hard
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| leuk/o | white
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| melan/o | black
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| myc/o | fungus
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| onych/o | nail
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| plas/o | formation
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| purpur/o | purple
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| seb/o | sebum (oil)
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| squam/o | scale
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| trich/o | hair
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| xanth/o | yellow
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| xer/o | dry
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| epithelium | cells covering external and internal surfaces of the body
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| epidermis | thin, cellular outer layer of the skin
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| squamous cell layer | flat, scale-like epithelial cells comprising the outermost layers of the epidermis
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| basal layer | deepest region of the epidermis
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| melanocyte | a cell found in the basal layer that gives color to the skin
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| melanin | dark brown to black pigment contained in melanocytes
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| dermis | dense, fibrous connective tissue layer of the skin (also known as the corium)
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| sebaceous glands | oil glands in the skin
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| sebum | oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands
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| sudoriferous glands | sweat glands
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| subcutaneous tissue | connective and adipose tissue layer under the dermis
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| collagen | protein substance found in skin and connective tissue
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| hair | outgrowth of the skin composed of keratin
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| keratin | hard protein material found in the epidermis
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| lesion | an area of pathologically altered tissue (two types: primary and secondary)
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| primary lesions | lesions arising from previously normal skin
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| flat, nonpalpapable changes in skin color | macule, and patch
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| macule | a flat, discolored spot on the skin up to 1 cm across
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| patch | a flat, discolored area of skin larger than 1 cm
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| elevated, palpable, solid masses | papule, plaque, nodule, tumor, wheal
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| papule | a solid mass on the skin up to 0.5 cm in diameter
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| plaque | a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter, limited to the surface of the skin
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| nodule | a solid mass greater than 1 cm which extends deep into the epidermis
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| tumor | a solid mass larger than 1-2 cm
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| wheal | an area of localized skin edema (ex a hive)
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| elevation formed by fluid within a cavity | vesicle, bulla, pustule
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| vesicle | little bladder; an elevated, fluid-filled sac (blister) within or under the epidermis up to 0.5cm in diameter (ex a fever blister)
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| bulla | a blister larger than 0.5 cm (ex a second degree burn)
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| pustule | a pus filled sac (ex a pimple)
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| secondary lesions | lesions that result in changes in primary lesions
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| loss of skin surface | erosion, ulcer, excoriation, fissure
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| erosion | to gnaw away, loss of superficial epidermis leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding. (ex area of moisture after rupture of a vesicle)
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| ulcer | an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane that can bleed and scar and is sometimes accompanied by infection
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| excoriation | a scratch mark
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| fissure | a linear crack in the skin
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| material on the skin surface | scale, crust
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| scale | a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis (ex dandruff)
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| crust | dried residue of serum (body liquid), pus, or blood on the skin (ex in impetigo)
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| cicatrix of the skin | a mark left by the healing of a sore or sound showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue
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| keloid | an abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue that is thick and irregular
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| vascular lesions | lesions of a blood vessel: cherry angioma, telangiectasia
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| cherry angioma | a small, round, bright-red blood vessel tumor on the skin, often on the trunk of the elderly
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| telangiectasia | a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole. most commonly seen on the face, neck, or chest. AKA spider angioma
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| spider angioma | a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole. most commonly seen on the face, neck, or chest. AKA telangiectasia
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| purpuric lesions | purpura; lesions as a result of hemorrhages into the skin. Petechia and ecchymosis
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| petechia | spot; a reddish-brown, minute hemorrhagic spot on the skin that indicate a bleeding tendency - small purpura
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| ecchymosis | bruise; a black and blue mark - large purpura
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| epidermal tumors | skin tumors arising from the epidermis
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| nevus | a congenital malformation on the skin that can be epidermal or vascular - also called a mole
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| dysplastic nevus | a mole with precancerous changes
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| verruca | an epidermal tumor caused by a papilloma virus - also called a wart
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