Medical Microbiology
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Bacilli | Bacteria that have a rod shape.
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Cocci | Bacteria that have a round shape.
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Colony | A mass of bacteria growing on a solid culture medium that have arisen from the multiplication of a single bacterium.
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Contagious | Capable of being transmitted directly or indirectly from one person to another.
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Culture | The propagation of a mass of microorganisms in a laboratory culture medium.
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Culture medium | A mixture of nutrients on which microorganisms are grown in the laboratory.
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False negative | A test result denoting that a condition is absent when it is actually present.
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False positive | A test result denoting that a condition is present when it is actually absent.
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Fastidious | Extremely delicate, difficult to culture, and involving specialized growth requirements.
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Immunization | The process of becoming protected from a disease through vaccination.
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Incubate | In microbiology, the act of placing a culture in a chamber (incubator) that provides optimal growth requirements for the multiplication of the organisms, such as the proper temperature, humidity, and darkness.
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Incubation period | The interval of time between the invasion by a pathogenic microorganism and the appearance of the first symptoms of the disease.
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Infectious disease | A disease caused by a pathogen that produces harmful effects on its host.
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Inoculate | To introduce microorganisms into a culture medium for growth and multiplication.
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Microbiology | The scientific study of microorganisms and their activities.
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Mucous membrane | A membrane lining body passages or cavities that open to the outside.
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Normal flora | Harmless, nonpathogenic microorganisms that normally reside in many parts of the body but do not cause disease.
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Resistance | The natural ability of an organism to remain unaffected by harmful substances in its environment.
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Sequela | A morbid (secondary) condition occurring as a result of a less serious primary infection.
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Smear | Material spread on a slide for microscope examination.
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Specimen | A small sample or part taken from the body to show the nature of the whole.
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Spirilla | Bacteria that have a spiral or curved shape.
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Streaking | Streaking is accomplished by skimming a wire inoculating loop that contains the specimen across the surface of the medium, using a back-and-forth motion.
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Streptolysin | An exotoxin produced by beta-hemolytic streptococci, which completely hemolyzes red blood cells.
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Susceptible | Easily affected, lacking resistance.
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