Chest anatomy, respiration
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| What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity? | Diaphragm
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| Which bony structure forms the anterior border of the mediastinum? | Sternum
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| What mediastinal structure consists of C-shaped cartilaginous rings? | Trachea
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| What area of the trachea divides into 2 lesser tubes? | Carina
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| Which primary bronchus is shorter and wider than the other? | Right
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| What is the name of the medial aspect of each lung where the primary bronchus enters? | Hilum
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| What is the name of the superior portion of each lung? | Apex
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| Which structures are at the terminal end of the respiratory system? | Alveoli
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| How many lobes are found in the right lung? | 3
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| Which lung is shorter and broader than the other? | Right lung.
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| Why is one lung shorter than the other? | Because of the close proximity to the liver and heart.
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| What is the name of the area between the two pleural cavities? | Mediastinum
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| What pathologic condition of the lung involves replacement of air with fluid in the lung interstitium and alveoli? | Pulmonary edema
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| What are the 3 parts of the respiratory system? | Respiratory passages, Lungs, Pleura
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| What are the 6 parts of the respiratory passages? | Nasal Cavities, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles
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| What are the 3 parts of the pharynx? | Nasal, Oral, Laryngeal
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| What part is known as the "voice box?" | Larynx
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| What part is known as the "windpipe"? | Trachea
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| Where is the trachea located in relation to the esophagus? | Anterior to the esophagus
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| The larynx lies between what? | Thyroid cartilage
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| What encircles the larynx below the thyroid cartilage? | Cricoid cartilage
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| What is known as the "functional unit" of the lung? | Alveolus
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| Define alveolus. | Cup-shaped microscopic structure that forms the wall of an alveolar or air sac.
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| Define mediastinum | Vertical partition located in median plane of chest, separating the lungs from each other.
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| How does expiration affect the diaphragm? | Elevates diaphragm
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| How does inspiration affect the diaphragm? | Depresses diaphragm
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| Base | Broad lower end of lung that's concave and rests upon upper convex surface of diaphragm.
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| Hilum | Depression or indention on the medial surface of each lung where structures enter/leave lung.
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| Pneumothorax | Air in pleural cavity.
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| Tracheotomy | Opening made into trachea anteriorly, so air can pass into lungs when passage is obstructed higher up.
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| Bronchitis | Inflammation of bronchi.
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| Thoracocentesis | Insertion of hollow needle through chest wall to remove air or fluid.
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| Bronchiectasis | Dialation of a bronchus.
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| Empyema | Pus in the pleural cavity.
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| Atelectasis | Collapse of whole or part of a lung from obstruction of a bronchus.
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| Hemothorax | Blood in the pleural cavity.
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| Pneumonectomy | Removal of entire lung.
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| Pleural Effusion | Fluid in pleural cavity.
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| What is the sac that encloses the lungs called? | Pleura
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| What is the portion of lung that lies above the clavicles called? | Apex
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| What is the lower, outer margin of the lung, at the junction of the ribs and diaphragm called? | Costophrenic angle
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| Lobectomy | One of the pulmonary lobes is removed.
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| What is the name for small air sacs located at the distal ends of bronchioles? | Alveoli
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| Pneumonitis | Inflammation of the lung.
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| Which primary bronchus (left or right) is shorter, wider and more vertical? | Right
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| Name the "organs of respiration." | The lungs
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| Name the 3 lobes of the right lung | Right superior, right middle, right inferior
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| Name the 3 parts of the pleura. | Visceral and Parietal pleura, Pleural cavity
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| What part of the larynx is also known as "Adam's apple?" | Laryngeal prominence
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| Pleura | Serous membrane that lines the chest and covers each lung.
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| Visceral pleura | Covers each lung except at its root.
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| Parietal pleura | Lines chest cavity on each side.
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| Pleural cavity | Space between the lung and chest wall.
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| Pneumonitis | Inflammation of the lung.
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| Pleurisy | Inflammation of the pleura.
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| Name the main branches of the trachea. | Bronchus
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| Which hemidiaphragm is usually located more superior? | Right
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