Chapters 1-5
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| One gene affects multiple characteristics. | show 🗑
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| show | Incomplete dominance
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| In the heterozygous condition, only one allele (dominant) is expressed. | show 🗑
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| Heterozygote expresses both alleles/both phenotypes. | show 🗑
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| show | Complete dominance
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| show | Incomplete penetrance
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| Autosomal dominant allele. Individuals with dominant allele can ocassionaly have normal # of digits, but have affected children. | show 🗑
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| % of individuals having a particular genotype that actually express the associated phenotype. | show 🗑
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| show | Variable expressivity
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| show | Lethal alleles
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| show | Multiple alleles
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| More than one gene contributes to a single phenotype. | show 🗑
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| One gene masks the effects of another gene. Can be dominant or recessive. (Albinism) | show 🗑
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| Test to determine whether two different mustations are at the same locus or different loci. Cross homozygous individuals with different mutations. | show 🗑
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| show | If same locus
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| show | If differnt loci
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| Not X-linked. dominant in male; recessive in females. Difference due to presence of male sex hormones. | show 🗑
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| show | Sex-limited traits
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| show | Cytoplasmic inheritance
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| Genotype inherited from both parents but phenotype is determoned by mothers genotyope. | show 🗑
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| Differential expression of gene depending of whether it was inherited from mother or father/ | show 🗑
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| Genetic trait becomes either more stongly expressed or expressed at an earlier age as it is passed from generation to genra | show 🗑
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| Environmental factors p[roduce a phenotype that mimics the phenotype of another genotype. | show 🗑
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| Few distinct phenotypes | show 🗑
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| show | Inheritance of continuos characteristics
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| show | Sex determination
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| Different btw sexes | show 🗑
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| any non-sex chromosomes | show 🗑
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| show | XX-XO
XX=female
XO-male
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| All gametes contain the same type of sex chromosome. always passing an X chromosome to their offspring. | show 🗑
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| show | Heterogametic
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| show | XX-XY
XX=female
Xy=male
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| Small region of both X and Y chromosomes carry same genes.Allow for homologous pairing during meiosis. | show 🗑
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| Sex determination of birds/reptiles | show 🗑
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| show | Haploidiploidy
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| No difference in chromosomes btw sexes. Sex is determined by genotype at one or more gene loci. | show 🗑
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| Detrmined by genes and happen to be on sex chromosomes | show 🗑
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| show | 8 chromosomes ( 3 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. female=1.0
male=0.5
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| Abnormal segregation of chromosomes during meiosis I and II | show 🗑
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| show | Turner sundrome
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| 47,XXY | show 🗑
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| 47,XXX | show 🗑
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| show | Jacob syndrome
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| Gonads are undifferentiated and have both male and female reproductive ducts. | show 🗑
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| sex determining region on Y chromosome. Develops neutral gonads into testes. In the absence, gonads develop into ovaries and male ducts degenerate. Phenotype is female. menstruation does not occur. No internal reproductive organs. Karyotype is male. | show 🗑
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| show | Barr body
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| Y linked gene. All males are affected within family; mo affected females. | show 🗑
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| Is only expressed on inactive X. Produces RNA molecule that coats chromosome. Some genes on 'inactive' X are kept active. | show 🗑
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| inherited factor that codes for a specific characteristic. | show 🗑
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| Physical location of a gene on a chromosome. | show 🗑
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| Alternate forms of a gene. (what specifically the gene codes for). Ex: black hair, blond hair. | show 🗑
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| show | Genotype
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| Observable characteristics. Bb is brown eyes. | show 🗑
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| All offsprings have the same traits. | show 🗑
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| A cross where one gene locus is tracked. Ex: Aa*Aa | show 🗑
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| show | Dihybrid cross
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| show | Reciprocal cross
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| Each diploid organism has 2 alleles for each gene. Alleles segregate from each other randomly in gamete formation. | show 🗑
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| Probability of 2 or more independent events occurring together. "AND" | show 🗑
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| Probability of having 2 or more mutually exclusive events occur together. "Either/Or" | show 🗑
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| Two copies of an abnormal gene must be present in order for the disease or trait to develop. Ex: Albinism | show 🗑
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| Term #=n+1 First term has a^n, second term a^(n-1)b (a always loses 1; b gains 1) For coefficient 1st term=1, 2nd term=same power as binomial, 3rd term= multiply preceding coefficient by exponent of a in the 2nd term, then divide by term #. | show 🗑
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| show | Test cross
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| Indicates probability that deviation btw observed and expected ratio is due to chance alone. | show 🗑
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| show | Blended inheritance
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| show | Prokaryotic
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| show | Eukaryotic
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| show | 3 components of a functional chromosome
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| 2 identical copies of DNA | show 🗑
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| Protein complex attached | show 🗑
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| has 2 copies of each chromosome | show 🗑
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| show | Haploid cell
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| show | Telocentric
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| That portion of the cell cycle between cell divisions in which the cell grows, performs its required functions and duplicates DNA and important organelles in preparation for cell division | show 🗑
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| First phase of interphase in which the cell is growing | show 🗑
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| Second phase of interphase in which DNA is replicated | show 🗑
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| Last phase of interphase in which cell organelles are duplicated in preparation for cell division | show 🗑
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| The first stage of cell division in which the nucleus divides. Mitosis results in the formation of two daughter cells with exactly the same genetic information as the parent cell. Mitosis results in the production of two identical diploid cells. | show 🗑
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| show | Prophase
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| show | Metaphase
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| The third stage of mitosis in which the sister chromatids are separated and one of each is pulled to each end of the cell | show 🗑
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| The final stage of mitosis in whcih the chromosomes begin to disperse, the nuclear envelope re-forms around each cluster of chromosomes and the cell is ready for cytokinesis. | show 🗑
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| show | Cytokinesis
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| show | Meiosis
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| Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis | show 🗑
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| show | Fertilization
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| show | Crossing over
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| The attachment site for the two sister chromatids. | show 🗑
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| Cell organelles that help organize spindle fibers for the separation of chromosomes during mitosis | show 🗑
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| 1.5. nuclear envelope fragments, microtubles extend to middle of cell, kinetochores appear | show 🗑
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| Shuffles maternal and paternal chromosomes in different combinations. Metaphase I | show 🗑
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| Cohesin hold together sister chromatids. | show 🗑
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| show | Separation during Meiosis
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| show | Result of meiosis I
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| show | Result of meiosis II
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| in dihybrid cross if two heterozygotes are crossed | show 🗑
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| in incomplete dominance if heterozygotes are crossed we get | show 🗑
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| in a monohybrid cross if two heterozygotes are crossed | show 🗑
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| show | 16
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| show | 1:1
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| what term means the first generation produced in a series of crosses? | show 🗑
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| what term means the second generation produced in a series of crosses? | show 🗑
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| Why did the F1 offspring of Mendel's classic pea cross always look like one of the two parental varieties? | show 🗑
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| show | 9/16
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| In certain plants, tall is dominant to short. If a heterozygous plant is crossed with a homozygous tall plant, what is the probability that the offspring will be short? | show 🗑
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| In the cross AaBbCc × AaBbCc, what is the probability of producing the genotype AABBCC? | show 🗑
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| show | 3/4
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| Colorblindness in humans, More common in males than females. | show 🗑
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| show | Autosomal dominant trait
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