Endocrine E3 Regulation of Salt & Water Balance
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
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| what system regulates sodium and water | show 🗑
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| how is osmolality of the ECF monitored and adjusted | show 🗑
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| Na+ is the major ________ in ECF, maintenance of vascular volume depends on what | show 🗑
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| show | 1)renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
2)atrial natriuretic peptide
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| hormonal mechanisms also regulate | show 🗑
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| show | 1)passive Na+ reabsorption into tubular cells following a concentration gradient at luminal surface
2)active Na+ removal from tubular cells due to Na+/K+ ATPase(pump) at basolateral surface keeps tubular intracellular Na+ low
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| Na+ coupled transport also reabsorbs | show 🗑
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| show | 1)antidiurectic hormone
2)renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
3)atrial natriuretic peptide
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| what signals the kidney to conserve H20 | show 🗑
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| show | 1)plasma osmolality is increases(>280 mOsm/Kg)
2)plasma volume is decreased at least 10-15%
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| powerful vasoconstrictor targeting the arteriolar smooth muscle | show 🗑
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| ADH via V2 receptor causes insertion of _______ making the collecting duct permeable to ______ | show 🗑
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| osmole receptors are found where | show 🗑
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| show | NaCl
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| show | 1)increased osmolality
2)decreased volume(pressure)
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| what happens if there is a decrease in both osmolality and a decrease in volume | show 🗑
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| 1)decreased ADH production(central) or decreased response of kidney to ADH(nephrogenic) 2)large amounts of dilute urine 3)concentrated body fluids if intake is not increased | show 🗑
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| show | syndrome of inappropriate ADH
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| what is renin synthesized and secreted by | show 🗑
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| show | 1)SNS activation associated with decreased blood pressure sensed by baroreceptors
2)decreased tension on afferent arterioles in glomerulus
3)decreased pressure in glomerulus, decreased rate of NaCl delivery to macula densa
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| show | angiotensin I, angiotensinogen(liver)
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| show | ACE
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| where is angiotensin I converted to angiotensin II | show 🗑
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| show | 1)blood vessels
2)adipose
3)brain
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| angiotensinogen, renin, and ACE may act as a ________ to stimulate prostaglandins or act as what | show 🗑
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| show | angiotensin II
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| show | angiotensin II
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| show | angiotensin II
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| show | angiotensin II
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| what is the most potent pressor substance known | show 🗑
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| show | cardiac and smooth muscle
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| what are the actions of angiotensin II in the CNS | show 🗑
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| ADH receptors are found where | show 🗑
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| what is renin-angiotensin-aldosterone regulated by | show 🗑
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| show | atrial natriuretic peptide
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| what is atrial natriuretic peptide syntehsized and secreted from | show 🗑
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| another form of brain natiuretic peptide is synthesized and secreted by | show 🗑
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| CNP is found in | show 🗑
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| show | natriuretic peptide receptor-A(NPR-A)
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| show | CNP
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| natriuretic peptide receptor-C (NPR-C) binds to | show 🗑
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| show | 3 minutes, 20 minutes
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| both ANP and BNP do what | show 🗑
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| what are the 3 mechanisms used to modify cellular functions | show 🗑
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| show | 1)prevent volume overloading
2)lower blood volume & decrease blood pressure
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| show | vasodilation of vascular smooth muscle
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| show | 1)increase Na+ & H2O excretion by increase glomerular filtration & decrease Na+ & H2O reabsorption
2)decrease renin secretion by decreasing angiotensin II
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| show | 1)decrease ADH secretion
2)decrease vasomotor activity
3)inhibits thirst
4)decreases Na+ appetite
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| show | inhibits release of ACTH (decreases adrenal support)
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| show | decrease aldosterone secretion
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| what is the physiologic action of ANP on the sympathetic nervous system | show 🗑
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| show | 1)hemorrhage
2)dehydration
3)salt loading
4)salt depletion
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| show | 1)immediate response is massive vasoconstriction mediated by SNS
2)slower in onset stimulated by renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
3)stimulation of ADH
4)inhibition of ANP
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| what happens during dehydration | show 🗑
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| what happens during salt loading | show 🗑
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| show | minimizes excretion of Na+ in the urine
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| show | 1)plasma Na+ 140mm
2)hematocrit 38%
3)ADH, ANP, urine Na+ all increase
4)plasma renin activity, aldosterone decrease
5)plasma protein concentration stays constant
6)volume expansion
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| show | 1)plasma Na+ 140mm
2)hematocrit 41%
3)ADH, ANP, urine Na+ decrease
4)plasma renin activity, aldosterone increase
5)plasma protein concentration stays constant
6)volume contraction
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