Anterior & Medial Thigh
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| show | Angle between axis of the femoral head and neck and the axis of the shaft
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| How does the angle of inclination change with age? | show 🗑
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| What is the average adult angle of inclination? What are the differences between a male and female angle of inclination? | show 🗑
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| What does a decrease in the angle of inclination lead to? | show 🗑
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| What does an increase in the angle of inclination lead to? | show 🗑
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| What is the angle of torsion? | show 🗑
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| What is a normal angle of torsion? | show 🗑
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| show | Anteversion
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| What is a decrease in the angle of torsion that leads to a "toeing out" gait? | show 🗑
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| What is the large sesamoid bone within tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle? | show 🗑
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| What is the function of the patella? | show 🗑
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| show | Tibia
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| show | Tibial tuberosity
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| show | Fibula
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| show | Anterior group of thigh muscles contain flexors of hip and extensors of the knee and is innervated by the femoral nerve
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| In general, what is the action of the posterior muscle group at the hip and knee? What is the innervation? | show 🗑
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| What forms the medial muscle group? What is the innervation? | show 🗑
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| What type of functions are associated with muscles in the gluteal region? | show 🗑
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| show | Attaches to the base and medial and lateral borders of the patella
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| Where do the tendinous fibers from the vastus medialis and lateralis muscles extend? What are they called? | show 🗑
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| show | Patellar ligament
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| show | Arises by 2 heads; straight head is attached to anterior inferior iliac spine and reflected head arises from a point just above margin of the acetabulum; two tendons of origin combine into a fusiform muscle belly
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| show | Since it arises above the hip joint, it also flexes the hip, besides extending the knee
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| Vastus lateralis is a subdivision of quadriceps femoris. What are the attachments of the vastus lateralis? | show 🗑
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| Vastus medialis is a subdivision of quadriceps femoris. Where does the vastus medialis arise? | show 🗑
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| What part of quadriceps femoris lies deepest? | show 🗑
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| Where does the vastus intermedius arise? | show 🗑
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| show | Articularis genu
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| show | Arises from distal, anterior surface of the femur and inserts into the suprapatellar bursa
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| What is the function of the articularis genu? | show 🗑
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| show | Rupture of quadriceps tendon is most common in people over 40 and patellar ligament rupture occurs more often in people under 40
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| show | Frequently occurs during a forceful eccentric contraction fo the quadriceps muscle, such as would occur if the knee where in a semi-flexed position with the foot planted when the quadriceps contracted strongly
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| Where will the patella be located when there is a complete rupture of the quadriceps tendon or a patellar ligament rupture? | show 🗑
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| What will a patient be unable to do with a quadriceps tendon/patellar ligament rupture? | show 🗑
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| show | Pectineus
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| show | Adducts and flexes the thigh
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| What is the muscle that is a combination of the distal parts of two muscles, the iliacus and the psoas major? | show 🗑
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| show | Converge in a strong tendon that passes posterior to the inguinal ligament and anterior to the hip joint capsule before attaching to the lesser trochanter
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| show | Strong flexor of the thigh
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| show | Sartorius
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| What are the attachments of sartorius? | show 🗑
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| show | Flexes both the hip and knee, assists in lateral rotation, abduction of femur
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| show | Gracilis, semitendinosus, and sartorius
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| show | Arise from the external surface of the pubic ramus and/or the ramus of ischium
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| show | Inntervated by the obturator nerve
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| In general, what is the primary action of most of the medialk thigh muscles? | show 🗑
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| What are the three adductor muscles? | show 🗑
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| show | Adductor longus
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| show | Arises from the superior ramus of the pubis and inserts by wide tendon into the middle 1/3 of the medial lip of the linea aspera
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| What is the action of adductor longus? | show 🗑
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| What medial thigh muscle lies deep to pectineus and adductor longus? | show 🗑
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| What are the attachments of adductor brevis? | show 🗑
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| show | Adducts thigh and weakly flexes it
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| What muscle is found on the medial side of the thigh as a long, thin muscle? | show 🗑
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| What are the attachments of gracilis? | show 🗑
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| show | Adducts the thigh and assists in flexing and medially rotating the leg
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| show | Obturator externus
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| show | Arises from the external part of the superior and inferior pubic rami, ramus of ischium and the external surface of the obturator membrane and inserts into the trochanteric fossa after passing posterior to the capsule of the hip joint
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| show | Laterally rotates the thigh
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| show | Arises from the inferior pubic ramus, the ramus of ischium, and from the ischial tuberosity; it attaches to the whole length of the linea aspera
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| The adductor magnus is actually a combination of two muscles. Describe the adductor minimus component of adductor magnus. | show 🗑
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| show | Most medial fibers that run vertically downward after arising from the ischial tuberosity and ultimately form a rounded tendon that ends on the adductor tubercle
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| show | Powerful adductor of the thigh
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| What is the intermuscular space in the upper 1/3 of the anteromedial thigh that lies deep to the fascia lata? | show 🗑
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| show | Fascia lata
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| show | Iliopsoas laterally and pectineus medially; these muscles slope towards each other such that the floor forms a sulcus
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| What are the side of the femoral triangle bounded with? | show 🗑
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| What are the contents of the femoral triangle (from lateral to medial)? | show 🗑
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| show | Femoral sheath
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| Where does the sleeve fuse with the vascular fascia in relation to the inguinal ligament? | show 🗑
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| Three compartments (lateral, intermediate, and medial) make up the femoral sheath. How are these compartments formed? | show 🗑
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| show | Femoral artery
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| What is located in the intermediate compartment of the femoral sheath? | show 🗑
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| show | Femoral canal which contains a slight amount of CT and a few lymphatic vessels and the deep inguinal lymph nodes
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| show | The small, proximal abdominal opening of the femoral canal
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| What are the boundaries (lateral, medial, posterior, and anterior) of the femoral ring? | show 🗑
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| show | Femoral hernias - because of the rigidness of the femoral rings, herniated structures can become strangulated when their blood supply is compromised
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| Are femoral hernias more common in males or females? Why? | show 🗑
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| What is a pseudoaneurysm? | show 🗑
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| What are the implications of a pseudoaneurysm? | show 🗑
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| What is the intermuscular tunnel which runs between the extensors of the knee and adductors of the thigh muscles? | show 🗑
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| show | Starts where sartorius crosses the adductor longus and ends at the upper limit of the adductor hiatus (a separation in the tendinous insertion of the adductor magnus)
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| What are the boundaries (anterolaterally, posteromedially, and anteromedially) of the adductor canal | show 🗑
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| What forms the the roof of the adductor canal? | show 🗑
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| What are the main structures that pass through the adductor canal? Describe their relationship to one another. | show 🗑
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| What are the only structures that pass through the adductor hiatus? | show 🗑
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| show | Femoral, deep femoral, and popliteal veins
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| When would DVT develop? | show 🗑
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| What is the origin of the femoral nerve? | show 🗑
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| show | Enters the thigh posterior to the inguinal ligament, deep to the iliac fascia, where it lies on the surface of the iliopsoas muscle, just lateral to femoral artery; then breaks up into a number of muscular and cutaneous branches
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| show | Sartorius, quadriceps femoris, iliacus, and usually pectineus
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| show | Anterior femoral cutaneous and saphenous nerves
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| What is the origin of the obturator nerve? | show 🗑
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| show | Passes through obturator canal into thigh and divides into an anterior and posterior branch
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| Describe the course of the anterior and posterior branches of the obturator nerve. | show 🗑
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| show | Adductor longus, gracilis, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, obturator externus, and sometimes pectineus
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| What is the origin of the tibial nerve? | show 🗑
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| Describe the course of the tibial nerve. | show 🗑
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| What does the tibial nerve innervate in the thigh? | show 🗑
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Cory67
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