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Midterm Exam Prep. Chapter 1: Introduction to the human body.

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Question
Answer
What branch of science studies the structure or morphology of the body?   Anatomy.  
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What is the branch of science that describes how the body works or functions?   Physiology.  
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How is the body organized?   The body is organized from the very simple to the complex.  
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List the body's levels of organization in order.   Atoms, large molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organs systems, organism.  
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What does the Endocrine system do?   Horomones/biochemical control.  
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What does the Circulatory system do?   Transports blood and nutrients.  
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What does the Lymphatic system do?   Immunity.  
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Define Homeostasis.   Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment.  
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Define Anatomical position?   Anatomical position refers to a person standing erect with face forward, upper limbs hanging to the sides, and palms of the hands facing forward.  
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Superior and inferior mean? (You cannot use these on arms and legs)   Superior = above Inferior = below  
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Distal and proximal mean? (You can ONLY use these on the arms and legs.)   Distal means away from the point of attachment. Proximal means closer to the point of attachment.  
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What does anterior and posterior mean?   Anterior = front Posterior = back  
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What does lateral and medial mean?   Lateral = side. Medial = middle.  
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What does ventral and dorsal mean?   Vental = front. Dorsal = back  
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What does superficial and deep mean?   Superficial = Surface. Deep = Deep  
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What plane divides the body into right and left portions?   Sagittal plane.  
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Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.   Frontal plane (AKA coronal plane)  
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Which plane divides the body horizontally creating a upper and lower body.   Transverse plane.  
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What are Viscera.   ORGANS.  
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Define cavities.   Large internal spaces.  
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What are the two main cavities of te body?   Dorsal and ventral.  
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What two cavaties divide the dorsal cavity.   Cranial cavity and the vertebral cavity.  
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What two divisions are in the ventral cavity.   The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity.  
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What organs are contained in the the thoracic cavity.   Heart and lungs.  
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What organs are contained in the Abdominal cavity?   Stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen and kidneys.  
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What organs are contained in the pelvic cavity?   Rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs.  
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