Clin Path
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| Leukocytes: | White cell: WBC's
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| Normal WBC range in dogs | 6,000-17,000
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| Normal WBC range in cats | 5,500-19,500
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| Agranulocytes: | Lymphocytes and Monocytes
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| Granulocytes: | Basophil, eosinaphil, neutrophil
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| Production of Granulocytes: | Granulopoeisis
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| A wbc with a Pleomorphic nucleus | monocyte
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| mononuclear WBC: | Lymphocyte
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| 3 WBC's with poylmorphonuclear: | *neutrophil 3-5 lobes
*eosinaphil 2-3 lobes,
* basophil 2 lobes
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| Def: pleomorphic | varying shape; not segmented
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| Def: Polymorphonuclear | segmented
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| Which WBC is known as PMN? | Neutrophil
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| Which WBC is the first line defender? | Neutrophil
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| Which WBC is increased during allergic reaction? | Eosinaphil
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| What is the least commonly seen WBC? | Basophil
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| Which is largest cell in peripheral blood? | Monocyte
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| 3 types of lymphocytes: | *T lymphocytes *B-lymphocytes *natural killer cells
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| 2 chemicals that stimulate production of WBC's: | Interleukins and Interferons
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| Granulocyte in order of maturation: | *PPSC *Myeloid stem cell *Myeloblast *Promyelocyte *myelocyte *metamyelocyte *band cell *segmented granulocytes
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| Nutrophil granules are comprised of____ | Lysosomes
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| Eosinaphil granules are comprised of____ | antiihystamines
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| Basophil granules are comprised of____ and ____ | Histamine and heparin
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| Granules are produced by? | Golgi apparatus
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| What cell indicates a increased demand beyond bone marrow production? | Band cell
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| A neutrophil with more than 5 lobes is called a ______ | Hypersegmented/ senescence
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| a cell with 3-5 lobes is a ____ | Neutrophil
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| a cell with 2-3 lobes is a ____ | Eosinaphil
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| a cell with 2 lobes | Basophil
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| Predominant WBC of k-9, fel, horses & humanes? | Neutrophil
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| Predominant WBC of cattle, sheep & gaots? | Lymphocyte
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| The term for engulfing: | Phagocytosis
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| The process of of being attracted to a sight of infection by inflammatory chemicals: | Attraction
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| Plasma protein that coat microorganisms: | opsonins
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| name of pool which blood is sampled: | CNP: Circulating neutrophil pool
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| name of the storage pool where neutrophils line the cell walls: | MNP: Marginal neutrophil pool
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| Relative value calculation: | percentage of each cell type during the differential count is multiplied by the total WBC count
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| The numbers obtained during diff count are___ and have no significant finding. | Absolute
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| What is the primary role of Lymphocytes? | Defense
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| What is the only WBC that recirculates? | Lymphocytes
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| Nucleus become very dense and breaks apart in the tissue(cell death): | Pyknosis
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| What granulocytes will u see on a blood smear? | *myelocytes *metamyelocyte *band cell *segmented granulocytes
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| what cell has a storage supply in the bone marrow and for how long? | Segmented neutrophils *5 day supply
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| at what stage do granules form in granulocytes? | Promyelocyte
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| Primary granules are _____ and secondary granules are_____ | *Prim: Non specific *2nd Specific
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| Neutrophils are ___ microns in diameter | 10-12
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| It takes how long to produce a mature neutrophil? can it be shortened? | *3-6 days *yes, causes toxic neutrophils(most significant in dogs)
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| How long do Neutrophils circulate in the blood? | 5-10 hours
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| How often are neutrophils replaced? | q 2 1/2 days
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| Monocytes convert to macrophage in ___ hrs | 72
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| movement from out of the vessels into the tissue: | *Diapedesis
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| The only time hypersegmented neutrophils will be present in a blood sample: | *Old blood sample *Steroid therapy
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| ____ close finistrations inhibits Diapedesis | Steroids
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| Types of steroids: | Endogenous: Produce by body
Exdogenous: administered
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| the highest # of neutrophils will be found in the : | Lungs, resp tract and GI tract
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| What is chemostaxis? | Chemical movement
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| Pseudo vacule: | Phagosome
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| Fussion: | Lysosomes line up on edge of vacule , fuse with membrane and secrete contents into vacules
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| Digestion: | A respiratory burst
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| Normal range for segmented neutrophils: | k-9: 3,000-11,400
Fel: 2,500-12,500
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| Normal range for band neutrophils: | 0-300 both k-9/fel
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| Neutrophil counts can ___ and ____ WBC counts | increase and decrease
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| Normal range of circulating/marginal neutrophil pool: | K9 *CNP/MNP50 / 50
Fel:CNP- MNP30 / 70
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| True or False: Neutrophils can pass freely from CNP to MNP | True
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| neutrophils move from MNP to CNP due to vasodialation: | Demargination
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| Bone marrow pool is a storage pool for what type of ____ neutrophils? | *segmented *band *metamylocyte
*non dividing
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| Mitotic pools/proliferative pool is storage for what 3 _____ dividing neutrophils? | *myeloblast *promyelocyte *myelocytes
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| Left shift-regenerative: | more segmented neutrophils than band neutrophils
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| Left shift_degenerative: | More band neutrophils than segmented neutrophils (bone marrow unable to keep up with demand)
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| Increase above normal WBC count : | Neutrophilia or leukocytosis
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| bodies natural response to trauma: | Inflammation
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| ___ leukogram is the res ult of steriods: | Stress leukogram
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| Extreme neutrophilia ___ml | 50,000 ml
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| Abnormal proliferation of 1 or more types of WBC: | Leukemia
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| ____ is the decrease in neutrophils which leads to _____ | *neutropenia *leukocytopenia
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| Severe or sudden drop in neutrophils: | Cyclic neutropenia (collies :idiopathic)
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| Bacteria + toxins: | Endotoxemia
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| Normal eosinaphil range: | K-9:100-750ml
Fel:0-750ml
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| Eosinaphils make up __% of total WBC count | 0.5
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| How long does it take to produce a mature Eosinphil? | 2-6 days
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| Eosinaphils circulate in the blood for __ and live in the tissue for ___ | *5-18 hrs *1wk
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| what shape are eosinaphils in k-9 and fel? | k-9:Round Fel:rod shaped
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| what is are Eosinphils primary responsibly? | Anti inflammatory response
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| Eosinaphils will increase in circulation with ___ infestation? | parasite
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| What antibacterial component do eosinaphils have? | Myeloperoxidase
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| What condition involving eosinaphils is most common in cats? | Eosinaphilic leukemia
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| New growth: | Neoplasia
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| What is the rarest WBC seen? | Basophil
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| Basophils circulate in the blood for ___and live in the tissue for ___ | *6hrs *2wks
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| Tumor that Originates in tissue and stays in tissue that are not H20 soluble: | mast cell
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| Mast cell tumors are most prevalent in what areas of the body and what ssp? | *lung, skin, Gi tract, uterus *canine
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| Physiologic leukogram are caused by: | Epinephrine release:TWBC increase
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| Inflammatory leukogram caused by: | Inflammation, infectious or non infectious: TWBC increase and decrease
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