NHTC 10 Endocrine Secretions, Pathological Conditions
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| thyroid | produces T3, T4 & calcitonin
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| adrenal cortex | the portion of the suprarenal gland that secretes 3 types of steriod hormones called corticosteroids
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| parathyroid glands | 4 glands attached to each thyroid lobe that produce parathyroid hormone (PTH)
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| pancreas | produces glucagon and insulin
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| adenohypophysis | the pituitary's anterior portion, which secretes growth hormone (GH). this hormone stimulates the growth of bones, muscles, and organs; also called somatropin
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| ovaries | almond-shaped glands in the pelvic cavity that produce estrogen and progesterone
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| neurohypophysis | the pituitary's posterior lobe, which secretes antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin
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| adrenal medulla | the portion of the suprarenal gland that secretes epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine
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| pineal gland | gland believed to secrete melatonin
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| thymus gland | gland that produces thymosin, which is important in the immune responses in children
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| hirsutism | excessive growth of hair or presence of hair in unusual places, especially in women
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| exophthalmos | protrusion of the eyeballs; often a sign of hyperthyroidism
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| IDDM | occurs mostly in children and adolescents; characterized by destruction of beta cells of the islets of Langerhans with complete insulin deficiency in the body. Treatment includes daily injections of insulin
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| hyperkalemia | excessive amount of potassium in the blood
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| acromegaly | chronic disease of middle-aged persons characterized by enlarged features, particulary of the bone, face, hands, and extremities due to hypersecretion of GH
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| thyromegaly | enlargement of the thyroid gland; also referred to as goiter
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| polyuria | excretion of abnormally large amounts of urine
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| myxedema | the most severe form of hpothyroidism. It is characterized by swelling of the hands, face, feet and periorbital tissues
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| endogenous | originating from within the body or produced from internal causes
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| polydipsia | excessive thirst characteristic of diabetes mellitus
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| thyroid storm | thyrotoxic crisis. It may be fatal if left untreated
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| hyperglycemia | abnormally high levels of glucose in the blood as in diabetes
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| hypervolemia | abnormal increase in the amount of intravascular fluid, particularly in the volume of circulating blood
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| hyponatremia | a decreased concentration of sodium in the blood
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| hypogonadism | underproduction of sex hormones by the ovaries and testes
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