A&P 2 - Exam 3 - Part 3 - Respiratory Anatomy
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| The respiratory system functions as an air _______ and _______ exchanger. | distributor, gas
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| The respiratory system supplies _______ and removes _______ from cells. | oxygen, carbon dioxide
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| ______ are sacs that serve as gas exchangers; all other parts of respiratory system serve as air distributors. | alveoli
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| The respiratory system warms, filters and ________ air. | humidifies
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| Respiratory organs influence speech, homeostasis of body ___, and olfaction. | pH
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| The respiratory system is divided into two divisions consisting of the _________ and the _________. | upper respiratory tract, lower respiratory tract
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| The _________ consists of the organs that are located outside of the _______ and consist of the nose, nasopharnyx, oropharnyx, laryngopharnyx, and larnyx | upper respiratory tract, thorax
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| The _________ consists of the organs are located within the _______ and consist of the trachea, the bronchial tree,and the lungs. | lower respiratory tract, thorax
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| ________ structures of the respiratory system include the oral cavity, rib cage, and diaphragm. | accessory
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| _______ occurs when the palatine bones fail to unite completely and only partially separate the nose and the mouth, producing difficulty in swallowing. | cleft palate
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| The _________ plate separates the roof of the nose from the cranial cavity. | cribriform
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| The _______ separates the nasal cavity into a right and left cavity. | septum
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| The septum consists of four structures: the perpendicular plate of the _______ bone, the _____ bone, the vomeronasal cartilages, and the septal nasal cartilage. | ethmoid, vomer
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| What are the two cartilages of the septum? | vomeronasal, septal nasal
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| ______ are the external openings to the nasal cavities which open into the vestibule. | anterior nares
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| _______ are 4 pairs of air-containing spaces that open or drain into nasal cavity and each is lined with respiratory ________. | paranasal sinuses, mucosa
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| The throat is also known as the __________. | pharynx
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| The _______ is a tubelike structure extending from the base of the skull to the esophagus. | pharynx
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| The pharynx is made of muscle and divided into what 3 parts? | nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
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| The _________ tonsils are located in the nasopharynx and are called ________ when they become enlarged. | pharyngeal, adenoids
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| The oropharynx contains the _________ tonsils (most commonly removed) and the _______ tonsils (rarely removed). | palatine, lingual
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| The pharynx is the pathway for the _______ and ______ tracts. | respiratory, digestive
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| The _______ is located between the root of the tongue and the upper end of the trachea. | larynx
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| The larynx contains the _______ cords. | vocal
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| The larynx functions as part of the airway to the lungs and produces the ______. | voice
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| The _______ extends from the larynx to the primary bronchi. | trachea
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| The trachea is also known as the ________. | windpipe
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| The lower end of the trachea divides into two primary ________, one on the right and one on the left. | bronchi
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| The bronchi enter the lungs and divide into secondary bronchi that branch into ________, which eventually divide into _______. | bronchioles, alveolar
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| The ________ are the primary gas exchange structures. | alveoli
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| A ________ is a component of the fluid coating the respiratory membrane that reduces surface tension. | surfactant
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| The ______ are cone-shaped organs extending from the diaphragm to above the clavicles. | lungs
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| The _______ is a slit on the lung's medial surface where the primary bronchi and pulmonary blood vessels enter. | hilum
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| The lobes of the lungs are further divided into functional units known as _________. | bronchopulmonary segments
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| The right lung has ____ bronchopulmonary segments. | 10
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| The left lung has ____ bronchopulmonary segments. | 8
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| The lungs have two functions- _____ distribution and ______. | air, gas exchange
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| The thoracic cavity has three divisions divided by the ______. | pleura
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| Two of the divisions of the thoracic cavity are the ________ divisions the part occupied by the lungs. | pleural
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| The ________ division of the thoracic cavity is occupied by the esophagus, trachea, large blood vessels, and heart. | mediastinum
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| The thorax functions to bring about _________ and _________. | inspiration, expiration
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| Respiration may be affected by ________ defects, age-related structural changes, or loss of function throughout the life cycle. | developmental
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| Age-related changes affect ____________, make ventilation difficult, or reduce the oxygen or carbon dioxide carrying capacity of blood. | vital capacity
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| Inflammation in the nose area is known as ________. | rhinitis
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| Inflammation in the throat is known as ________. | pharyngitis
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| Inflammation in the larynx is known as ________. | laryngitis
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| A broken nose is also known as a __________. | deviated septum
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| A nose bleed is also known as __________. | epistaxis
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