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A&P 2 - E3 - P3
A&P 2 - Exam 3 - Part 3 - Respiratory Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The respiratory system functions as an air _______ and _______ exchanger. | distributor, gas |
| The respiratory system supplies _______ and removes _______ from cells. | oxygen, carbon dioxide |
| ______ are sacs that serve as gas exchangers; all other parts of respiratory system serve as air distributors. | alveoli |
| The respiratory system warms, filters and ________ air. | humidifies |
| Respiratory organs influence speech, homeostasis of body ___, and olfaction. | pH |
| The respiratory system is divided into two divisions consisting of the _________ and the _________. | upper respiratory tract, lower respiratory tract |
| The _________ consists of the organs that are located outside of the _______ and consist of the nose, nasopharnyx, oropharnyx, laryngopharnyx, and larnyx | upper respiratory tract, thorax |
| The _________ consists of the organs are located within the _______ and consist of the trachea, the bronchial tree,and the lungs. | lower respiratory tract, thorax |
| ________ structures of the respiratory system include the oral cavity, rib cage, and diaphragm. | accessory |
| _______ occurs when the palatine bones fail to unite completely and only partially separate the nose and the mouth, producing difficulty in swallowing. | cleft palate |
| The _________ plate separates the roof of the nose from the cranial cavity. | cribriform |
| The _______ separates the nasal cavity into a right and left cavity. | septum |
| The septum consists of four structures: the perpendicular plate of the _______ bone, the _____ bone, the vomeronasal cartilages, and the septal nasal cartilage. | ethmoid, vomer |
| What are the two cartilages of the septum? | vomeronasal, septal nasal |
| ______ are the external openings to the nasal cavities which open into the vestibule. | anterior nares |
| _______ are 4 pairs of air-containing spaces that open or drain into nasal cavity and each is lined with respiratory ________. | paranasal sinuses, mucosa |
| The throat is also known as the __________. | pharynx |
| The _______ is a tubelike structure extending from the base of the skull to the esophagus. | pharynx |
| The pharynx is made of muscle and divided into what 3 parts? | nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx |
| The _________ tonsils are located in the nasopharynx and are called ________ when they become enlarged. | pharyngeal, adenoids |
| The oropharynx contains the _________ tonsils (most commonly removed) and the _______ tonsils (rarely removed). | palatine, lingual |
| The pharynx is the pathway for the _______ and ______ tracts. | respiratory, digestive |
| The _______ is located between the root of the tongue and the upper end of the trachea. | larynx |
| The larynx contains the _______ cords. | vocal |
| The larynx functions as part of the airway to the lungs and produces the ______. | voice |
| The _______ extends from the larynx to the primary bronchi. | trachea |
| The trachea is also known as the ________. | windpipe |
| The lower end of the trachea divides into two primary ________, one on the right and one on the left. | bronchi |
| The bronchi enter the lungs and divide into secondary bronchi that branch into ________, which eventually divide into _______. | bronchioles, alveolar |
| The ________ are the primary gas exchange structures. | alveoli |
| A ________ is a component of the fluid coating the respiratory membrane that reduces surface tension. | surfactant |
| The ______ are cone-shaped organs extending from the diaphragm to above the clavicles. | lungs |
| The _______ is a slit on the lung's medial surface where the primary bronchi and pulmonary blood vessels enter. | hilum |
| The lobes of the lungs are further divided into functional units known as _________. | bronchopulmonary segments |
| The right lung has ____ bronchopulmonary segments. | 10 |
| The left lung has ____ bronchopulmonary segments. | 8 |
| The lungs have two functions- _____ distribution and ______. | air, gas exchange |
| The thoracic cavity has three divisions divided by the ______. | pleura |
| Two of the divisions of the thoracic cavity are the ________ divisions the part occupied by the lungs. | pleural |
| The ________ division of the thoracic cavity is occupied by the esophagus, trachea, large blood vessels, and heart. | mediastinum |
| The thorax functions to bring about _________ and _________. | inspiration, expiration |
| Respiration may be affected by ________ defects, age-related structural changes, or loss of function throughout the life cycle. | developmental |
| Age-related changes affect ____________, make ventilation difficult, or reduce the oxygen or carbon dioxide carrying capacity of blood. | vital capacity |
| Inflammation in the nose area is known as ________. | rhinitis |
| Inflammation in the throat is known as ________. | pharyngitis |
| Inflammation in the larynx is known as ________. | laryngitis |
| A broken nose is also known as a __________. | deviated septum |
| A nose bleed is also known as __________. | epistaxis |
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