BIO201 - Ch 5 - Integumentary System - Marieb/Hoehn - Rio Salado
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Skin is composed of 2 regions. | Epidermis & dermis.
🗑
|
||||
| The __ is composed of epithelial cells & is outermost shield of body. | Epidermis.
🗑
|
||||
| The __ makes up the bulk of skin. | Dermis.
🗑
|
||||
| The dermis is made up of __. | Fibrous connective tissue.
🗑
|
||||
| Vascularized layer of skin. | Dermis layer
🗑
|
||||
| How do nutrients reach the epidermis? | Diffusing through tissue fluid from blood vessels in dermis.
🗑
|
||||
| Subcutaneous tissue just deep to skin. | Hypodermis layer.
🗑
|
||||
| Is not really part of skin but shares in protective functions. | Hypodermis
🗑
|
||||
| Another name for the hypodermis is __. | Superficial fascia
🗑
|
||||
| The superficial fascia (hypodermis) is __. | Superficial to connective tissue wrapping (fascia) of skeletal muscles.
🗑
|
||||
| They hypodermis layer contains __ tissue. | Adipose tissue.
🗑
|
||||
| The role of the hypodermis is? | Anchors skin to muscles, but is loose enough to slide.
🗑
|
||||
| The fatty composition of the hypodermis acts as __ & __. | Shock absorber & insulator.
🗑
|
||||
| Which layer thickens when we gain weight? | Hypodermis because of adipose tissue there.
🗑
|
||||
| The epidermis layer is made of __. | Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
🗑
|
||||
| The epidermis has __ cell types and __ to __ distinct layers. | 4 cell types & 4-5 layers.
🗑
|
||||
| Most epidermal cells are __. | Keratinocytes.
🗑
|
||||
| Keratin | Helps give epidermis its protective properties.
🗑
|
||||
| Keratinocytes | Produce keratin & are tightly connected.
🗑
|
||||
| 4 Types of cells in epidermis are __. | Keratinocytes, melanocytes, Merkel, & Langerhans' Cells.
🗑
|
||||
| Keratinocytes arise in the deepest epidermis called __. | Stratum basale.
🗑
|
||||
| Keratinocytes undergo almost continuous __. | Mitosis
🗑
|
||||
| We have a new epideris every __ days. | 25-45 days.
🗑
|
||||
| Melanocytes | Spider-shaped epithelial cells - make melanin.
🗑
|
||||
| Melanocytes are found __. | In deepest layer of epidermis.
🗑
|
||||
| Melanin accumulates in __. | Melanosomes.
🗑
|
||||
| Melanosomes | Membrane-bound granules that store melanin.
🗑
|
||||
| Melanin is taken up by __. | Keratinocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Langerhans' cells | Star-shaped phagocytes - help in immune sys - form network.
🗑
|
||||
| Merkel cells | Associated w/merkel disk & nerve endings.
🗑
|
||||
| Merkel disk | Sensory receptor for touch.
🗑
|
||||
| Langerhans' cells - aka __. | Epidermal dendric cells.
🗑
|
||||
| Thick skin has __ layers. | 5
🗑
|
||||
| Which layer is absent in "thin" skin? | Stratum Lucidum
🗑
|
||||
| Name the 5 skin layers acronym. | "Children Love Grammy's Special Brownies!"
🗑
|
||||
| Skin layers from top to bottom are __? | Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basale.
🗑
|
||||
| Which skin layer is known as the "horny layer"? | Stratum Corneum
🗑
|
||||
| Stratum Corneum | 3/4 of epidermal thickness - Keratin - Glycolipids waterproof the layer.
🗑
|
||||
| Which skin layer is waterproofed by glycolipids? | Stratum Corneum.
🗑
|
||||
| Stratum Lucidum | "Clear Layer" - flat dead keratinocytes - parallel arrays of keratin filaments.
🗑
|
||||
| Which layer of epidermis is called the "clear layer"? | Stratum Lucidum because of the the clear, flat, dead, keratinocytes.
🗑
|
||||
| What granules are found in the Granulosum layer? | Keratohyaline & lamellated granules.
🗑
|
||||
| Above which layer are cells unable to receive nutrition? | Stratum Granulosum
🗑
|
||||
| Where will you find clear dead keratinocytes? | In the Stratum Lucidum.
🗑
|
||||
| Stratum Spinosum | "Prickly Layer" - web-like intermediate filaments abundant in this level.
🗑
|
||||
| Langerhans' cells are abundant in the __ layer. | The Stratum Spinosum.
🗑
|
||||
| Stratum Basale | "Basal layers" - Deepest - attached to dermis - "stratum germinativum.
🗑
|
||||
| Which epidermal layer has rapid division of keratinocytes? | Stratum Basale/Stratum germinativum.
🗑
|
||||
| Keratohyaline Granules | Help form keratin in upper layers.
🗑
|
||||
| Lamellated Granules | "Plated" - contain waterproofing glycolipid.
🗑
|
||||
| Above which layer are epidermal cells not nurished? | Granulosum Layer
🗑
|
||||
| Which cells are joined by desmosomes? | Keratinocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Which layer has miotic stem cells? | Basale Layer
🗑
|
||||
| Which skin region is called our "hide"? | Dermis.
🗑
|
||||
| Dermis Layer | Lower skin region - flexible connective tissue - innervated & vascularized.
🗑
|
||||
| Name the two dermis layers. | Papillary (superficial) & reticular (deeper) layer.
🗑
|
||||
| Papillary Layer | Thin areolar conn. tissue - "peglike" projections.
🗑
|
||||
| Papill | "Nipple".
🗑
|
||||
| Dermal Papillae contain __. | Capillary loops, nerve endings, & messner's corpuscles.
🗑
|
||||
| Dermal Ridges | Mounds of dermal tissue on which papillae lie.
🗑
|
||||
| Epidermal Ridges | Lie atop dermal ridges & enhance gripping ability.
🗑
|
||||
| Where do you find epidermal ridges? | Fingers & feet.
🗑
|
||||
| Fingerprints are caused by? | Films of sweat secreted along epidermal ridges.
🗑
|
||||
| Reticular Layer | 80% of dermis - deep - dense irregular conn. tiss. - Nurished by cutaneous plexus.
🗑
|
||||
| Cleavage/Tension Lines | Less dense regions in dermis - lines that run longitudinally in skin.
🗑
|
||||
| Flexure Lines | Dermal folds near or at joints.
🗑
|
||||
| Striae | Stretch marks - "Streaks"
🗑
|
||||
| 3 Pigments that give skin its color are? | Melanin, carotene, & hemoglobin.
🗑
|
||||
| Melanin | Polymer of tyrosine amino acids.
🗑
|
||||
| Ultraviolet radiation destroys __ stores. | Folate - needed for DNA synthesis.
🗑
|
||||
| Carotene | Yellow/orange pigment - accumulates in corneum.
🗑
|
||||
| Cyanosis | Turning blue from lack of oxygen.
🗑
|
||||
| Erythema indicates? | "Turning red" - fever, hypertension, inflammation or allergy.
🗑
|
||||
| Pallor/blanching indicates? | Fear, anemia, low blood pressure.
🗑
|
||||
| Bronzing indicates? | Hypofunction of adrenal cortex.
🗑
|
||||
| Hematomoas | Clotted blood masses.
🗑
|
||||
| What must form before a skin appendage can grow? | Epithelial bud
🗑
|
||||
| What stimulates epithelial bud growth? | Reduced production of cadherin - breaks cell connections.
🗑
|
||||
| Sudoriferous Gland | Sweat gland - 3 million.
🗑
|
||||
| 2 kinds of sweat glands are? | Eccrine & apocrine
🗑
|
||||
| Eccrine Sweat Glands | "Merocrine" - Simple, coiled, tubular gland - opens to a pore.
🗑
|
||||
| Sweat is? | Hypotonic filtrate of blood released by exocytosis. 99% h2O.
🗑
|
||||
| Dermicidin | Microbe-killing peptide in sweat.
🗑
|
||||
| pH of sweat? | Acidic - 4-5
🗑
|
||||
| Sweating is regulated by? | Sympathetic Nervous System
🗑
|
||||
| Apocrine Sweat Glands | Misnomer - actually secretes by exocytosis - In axillary & genital - body odor.
🗑
|
||||
| What glands cause body odor? | Apocrine Sweat Glands
🗑
|
||||
| Ceruminous Glands | Earwax - Cerumen secretions.
🗑
|
||||
| Sebuceous Gland | Oil gland - simple, branched, alveolar, holcrine.
🗑
|
||||
| The secretion of sebum is stimulated by __. | Sex Hormones - androgens
🗑
|
||||
| Seborrhea | "Cradel Cap"
🗑
|
||||
| Pili | Hair - hard keratin - keratinized
🗑
|
||||
| Red hair is colored by __. | Iron-containing pigment trichosiderin.
🗑
|
||||
| Arrector Pili | Smooth muscle cells around hair follicle - makes goose bumps
🗑
|
||||
| 2 types of hair are? | Vellus & terminal hair
🗑
|
||||
| Vellus Hair | Fine - body hair
🗑
|
||||
| Terminal Hair | Coarser, longer hair - pubic, axillary - response to sex hormones.
🗑
|
||||
| Alopecia | Baldness
🗑
|
||||
| Hirsutism | Excessive hormones
🗑
|
||||
| Nail Matrix | Responsible for nail growth.
🗑
|
||||
| Skin's 3 types of barriers. | Chemical, physical & melanin
🗑
|
||||
| Acid mantle | Low pH of skin that retards bacterial multiplication.
🗑
|
||||
| Human defensin | Natural antibiotics secreted by skin - punches holes in bacteria.
🗑
|
||||
| Cathelicidins | Protective peptide secreted by wounded skin - good against Strep-A
🗑
|
||||
| Physical/Mechanical Barriers | Provided by continuity of skin, harness of keratinized cells, & glycolipids.
🗑
|
||||
| Biological Barriers | Langerhans' cells in epidermis, macrophages in dermis, & DNA.
🗑
|
||||
| How does DNA protect the body? | Electrons in DNA absorb UV radiation & turn it into heat.
🗑
|
||||
| Basal Cell Carcinoma | Most common skin cancer - 99% curable w/surgery.
🗑
|
||||
| Cutaneous Sensory Receptors | Exteroceptors - Meissner's corpuscle, Merkel discs, & Pacinian.
🗑
|
||||
| Metaboloic Functions of Skin | Synthesizes Vit. D, disarm cancer chemicals, activate steroid hormones.
🗑
|
||||
| Fas | Protein that causes cell suicide.
🗑
|
||||
| "ABCD" for Melanoma Recognition | "A"ssymetry, "B"order irregularity, "C"olor, "D"iameter.
🗑
|
||||
| "Rule of 9's" | Divides body into 11 areas - each 9% total plus 1% genital.
🗑
|
||||
| Partial-Thickness Burns | 1st & 2nd Degree Burns
🗑
|
||||
| Full-Thickness Burns | 3rd Degree Burns - Entire skin layers burned.
🗑
|
||||
| Eschar | Burned Skin.
🗑
|
||||
| Burns are considered critical when? | 1. Over 25% are 2nd degree, 2) Over 10% are 3rd degree & 3) Facial, hands/feet have 3rd degree.
🗑
|
||||
| Epidermis, dermis & hypodermis derrived from? | Mesoderm
🗑
|
||||
| Lanugo Coat | Furry coat on fetus.
🗑
|
||||
| Vernix Caseosa | Cheesy-like coating on newborn.
🗑
|
||||
| Matrix Metalloproteinases | Enzymes that degrade collagen.
🗑
|
||||
| Decubitus Ulcer | Localized ulceration of skin due to lack of blood supply.
🗑
|
||||
| Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) | Hereditary disorders of keratin, collagen, or basement membrane - lack of cohesion between skin & mucosa. "Touch-me-nots".
🗑
|
||||
| Impetigo | Raised lesions around mouth & nose - staph infection.
🗑
|
||||
| Mongolian Spot | Blue-black spot in sacral region.
🗑
|
||||
| Porphyria | Alergic to sun - Lesions form - gums degerate & teeth prominent - vampire tales?
🗑
|
||||
| Sensations of touch & pressure picked up in which layer? | Dermis
🗑
|
||||
| Skin surface markings that reflect tight dermal attachments are? | Flexure Lines
🗑
|
||||
| The most dangerous skin cancer affects __ cells. | Melanocytes
🗑
|
||||
| The outtermost sheath of hair follicles are __. | Connective Root Sheath
🗑
|
||||
| The __ sweat glands are fairly unimportant in thermoregulation. | Apocrine
🗑
|
||||
| The destruction of the matrix of a hair bulb would result in its ability to __. | Grow hair
🗑
|
||||
| __ Must be activiated in the skin to enhance calcium metabolism. | Vitamin D
🗑
|
||||
| Bedsores are called __. | Decubitus ulcers
🗑
|
||||
| Addison Disease | Bronzing of skin - adrenal cortex is hypoactive.
🗑
|
||||
| Portion of hair w/in follicle is __. | Root
🗑
|
||||
| Epithelial Membrane | Simple organ - epithelial sheet bound to connective tissue proper.
🗑
|
||||
| __ membranes line closed ventral cavity of body. | Serous membranes
🗑
|
||||
| 3 examples of serous membranes. | Peritoneums, pericardia & plurae
🗑
|
||||
| Mucus membranes are comprised of __. | Epithelial cells resting on a layer of loose connective tissue (lamina propria).
🗑
|
||||
| __ line all cavities that open to the body exterior. | Mucosa
🗑
|
||||
| In most cases, mucosa are "__" membranes. | "Wet"
🗑
|
||||
| Serous membranes are also __ membranes. | Epithelial
🗑
|
||||
| In serous membranes the __ layer lines a body cavity. | Parietal layer
🗑
|
||||
| In serous membranes __ layer covers the outside of the organs in a cavity. | Visceral
🗑
|
||||
| __ membranes line body cavities that are closed to the exterior. | Serous
🗑
|
||||
| Which serous membranes open to the exterior? | Female peritoneal cavity & dorsal body cavity
🗑
|
||||
| __ membranes line interior of blood vessels & the heart. | Serous
🗑
|
||||
| The entire wall of capillaries are composed of __. | Serosa
🗑
|
||||
| __ membranes are composed entirely of connective tissue. | Synovial
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Ladystorm
Popular Anatomy sets