muscles and joints
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| buccinator | cheek muscle moves the cheek
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| temporal | lower jaw
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| masseter | biting and chewing moves lower jaw upward
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| trapezius | pulls shoulder blade together muscle that extends across the back of the shoulder covers the back of the neck triangular shape
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| latissimus dorsi ** | lower back extends to our axilla (armpit)
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| pectoralis major ** | muscle that crossses the upper part of the front of the chest fan shaped
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| deltoid | muscle covers the shoulder joint
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| gluteus maximus ** | large muscle that offers support when an individual is standing fleshy part of the buttock
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| gluteus medius ** | a smaller muscle located above the upper outer quadrant of the buttocks used for intramusular injection
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| hamstring muscles | responsible for flexing the leg on the thigh posterior part of the thigh
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| gastrocnemius | main muscle of the calf
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| tibialis anterior | positioned on the front of the leg
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| arthralgia ** | pain in the joints
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| atrophy ** | wasting away
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| contracture ** | an abnormal (usually permanent) bending of a joint into a fixed position caused by shortening and wasting away of muscle fibers
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| fascia ** | thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue that penetrate and cover the entire muscle
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| insertion ** | point of a attachment of muscle (more mobile)
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| involuntary muscle ** | muscles that operate under conscious control
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| origin | the point of attachment of a muscle to a bone that is less movable
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| pelvic girdle weakness ** | weakness of the muscles of the pelvic girdle (muscular dystrophy)
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| skeletal muscles | muscles that attach to the bones of a skeleton(known as striated muscles)act voluntarily
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| smooth muscles | muscles found in the walls of the hollow organs and tubes
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| striated muscle ** | muscles that have a striped appearance
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| tendon | attaches to the bone
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| torso ** | a.k.a trunk (midsection)
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| visceral muscle | muscles of the internal organs
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| voluntary muscle | muscles that operate under conscious control
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| muscular dystrophy | group of genetically transmitted disorders characterized by progressive symmetrical wasting of skeletal muscles nerve involvement or degeneration of nerve tissue
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| rotator cuff tear | a tear in the muscles that form a cuff over the upper end of the arm
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| strains | a strain is an injury to the body of the muscle or attachment of the tendon resulting from overstretching, overextension or misuse (muscle pull)
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| muscle biopsy | extraction of a specimen of muscle tissue for the purpose of examining it under a microscope
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| electromyography | the process of recording the strength of the contraction of a muscle when it is stimulated by an electric current
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| fibrous joint | the surfaces of the bones fit closely together and are held together by fibrous connective tissue (immovable joint)
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| cartilaginous joint | bones are connected by cartilage (limited movement)
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| synovial joint | freely movable joints lined with a synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid
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| hinge joint | allows movement in one direction (back and forth motion-elbow)
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| ball and socket joint | allows movement in many directions around a central point (ball shaped head-shoulder and hip joint)
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| flexion | bending motion decreases the angle
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| extension | straightening motion increases the angle between to bones
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| abduction | movement of bone away from the midline of the body
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| adduction | movement of bone toward the midline of the body
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| rotation | movement that involves the turning of a bone on its own axis
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| supination | act of turning the palm up or forward
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| pronation | act of turning the palm down or backward
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| dorsiflexion | foot is bent backward or upward at the ankle
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| plantar flexion | foot is bent downward at the ankle with the toes pointing downward (ballet dancing)
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| circumduction | movement of an extremity around in a circular motion
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| articular cartilage | thin layer of cartilage protecting and covering the connecting surfaces of the bones
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| bunion | abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe
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| bunionectomy ** | surgical removal of a bunion bony overgrowth
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| bursa | a small sac that contains synovial fluid for lubricating the area around the joint where friction is most likely to occur
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| closed reduction | the manual forcing of a joint back into its original position without making an incision
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| crepitation | clicking or crackling sounds heard upon joint movement
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| ganglionectomy | surgical removal of a ganglion
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| joint cavity | the space between two connecting bones
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| kyphosis | humpback
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| ligaments | connective tissue bands that join bone to bone
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| malaise | a vague feeling of weakness
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| photosensitivity ** | increased reaction of the skin to exposure to sunlight
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| sciatica ** | inflammation sciatic nerve pain and tenderness the path of the nerve through the thigh and leg
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| subluxation ** | an incomplete dislocation
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| suture ** | an immovable joint (skull)
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| synovial fluid ** | a thick lubricating fluid located in the synovial joints
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| synovial membrane | the lining of a synovial joint cavity
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| viscous ** | sticky
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| arthritis | inflammation of the joints
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| dislocation | displacement of a bone from its normal location within a joint
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| ganglion | cystic tumor developing on a tendon
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| gout | a form of acute arthritis that is characterized by inflammation of the first metatarsal joint of the great toe
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| herniated disk | rupture of the central portion or nucleus of the disk through the disk wall and into the spinal canal (ruptured disk or slipped disk)
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| lyme disease | acute recurrent inflammatory infection transmitted through the bite of an infected deer tick
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| osteoarthritis | degenerative joint disease results from wear and tear on the joints (weight-bearing joints hips and knees)
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| rheumatoid arthritis | chronic systemic inflammatory disease affects multiple joints of the body (hands and feet)
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| sprains | injury involving the ligaments that surround and support a joint wrenching or twisting motion
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| systemic lupus erythematosus | chronic inflammatory connective tissue disease affecting the skin joints nervous system kidneys lungs and other organs butterfly rash on both cheeks
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| arthrocentesis | surgical puncture of a joint with a needle withdrawing fluid for analysis
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| arthroplasty | surgical reconstruction of a joint
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| arthroscopy | the visualization of the interior of a joint using a endoscope
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| rheumatoid factor | test is a blood test that measures presence of unusual antibodies that develop in a number of connective tissue diseases (rheumatoid arthritis)
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Created by:
heather1972
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