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| Auditory Areas | areas responsible for information Heard | Hearing and Interpretation | Temporal Lobe - latterally and superiorly
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| Olfactory Areas | areas responsible for information smelled | Smell and Interpretation | Temporal Lobe - medially (cannot be seen from the outside)
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| Postcentral Gyrus | primary Sensory area | perception of Pain, Touch, Pressure, and Temperature | Parietal Lobe
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| Association Areas | Interprets shapes, images, textures, and physical realtionships of body parts | enables the use of words to express thoughts | Parietal Lobe
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| Primary Visual Area | RECEPTION of visual input from eyes, forming color, shapes, and images | control eye movement | Occipital Lobe
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| Hemispheric Specialization | traits of thought alotted to a specific hemisphere of the brain | Right cerrebrum = Artistic skills and Spatial relationships Left cerrebrum = Numerical and Language skills | Occipital Lobe
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| Precentral Gyrus | primary Motor area | motor nerve tracts originate here | Frontal Lobe
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| Speech Area | area related to speech | regulates patterns of Breathing and Vocalization | Frontal Lobe
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| Prefrontal | association areas | Social behaviors, Problem solving, Time relationships, Foresight, and Judgement | Frontal Lobe
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| Basal Nuclei | The basal nuclei is a group of cell bodies found deep in the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres | Adjusts and Subdues motor activity | Gray matter bilateral to the Thalamus
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| Limbic System | includes the hypothalamus, the hippocampus, the amygdala, and several other nearby areas | regulates Behavioral aspects of major emotions: pain, guilt, pleasure, sexual gratification, and Long Term memory | around Lateral ventricles
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| Thalamus | relay point for Sensory info that will be passed to the Primary sensory area of the Cerebral Cortex | allows crude Appreciation of Most sensations - Directs and Coordinates MOTOR activities | Forebrain - deep gray matter Medial to Basal Nuclei
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| Hypothalamus | between the thalamus and the midbrain | 1. regulates Behavior associated with FEAR 2. controls most of the AUTONOMIC nervous system 3. regulates certain Survival Functions (thermoregulation, appetite, sexual desire) 4. controls secretion of Pituitary gland | Forebrain - gray matter forming the floor of the 3rd ventricle
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| 1st and 2nd (Lateral) Ventricles | two curved openings (shaped like a horseshoe) located | within cerebrum, drain into Inter ventricular Foramen to 3rd ventricle - provide a pathway for cerebrospinal fluid | deep within the top section of the brain
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| 3rd Ventricle | a narrow, four-sided, irregularly shaped opening that provides a pathway for cerebrospinal fluid | within cerebrum, drains into Cerebral Aqueduct | between Thalamic deep within the top section of the brain
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| 4th Ventricle | an irregular ventricle between the third ventricle and the central canal of the spinal cord | drains into Median and Lateral Apertures to the SUBARACHINOID SPACE | Hindbrain, between Medulla and Cerebellum
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| Cerebral Peduncles | One of two large bands of white matter (containing descending axons of upper motor neurons) | contains MOTOR projection tracts TO Pons and SENSORY tracts FROM Spinal Cord to Thalamus | Midbrain
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| Reticular Formations | core of gray matter extending into Forebrain and Hindbrain | determines level of Conciousness and arousal of the Cortex | Midbrain
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| Corpora Quadrigemina | The inferior and superior colliculi collectively | Superior Colliculi (2): VISUAL Reflexes (involuntary eye/head movement) Inferior Colliculi (2): AUDITORY reflexes (involutary head movement) | Midbrain
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| Cerebellum | thin cortex composed of gray matter | 1. Muscular Memory: habitual actions (walking, driving) 2. Normal locomotion 3. adjusts postural muscles for balance | Hindbrain
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| Pons | "Bridge" that links Cerebral Hemispheres and connects the Cerebellum with the Cerebrum (above) and Medulla (below) | works with the Medulla to control BREATHING | Hindbrain
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| Medulla (Oblongata) | lover Brain Stem, continuous with the Spinal Cord | Crossing nerve tracts carrying voluntary MOTOR Output from the Cerebral Cortex - Vital centers: respiration, heart rate, vasomotor control; Non-Vital centers: coughing, vomiting, swallowing | Hindbrain - pyramid formations bilateral to cleavage line
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