A&P - Chap 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| energy | no mass, does not take up space, can be measured only by its effects on matter; the capacity to do work
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| chemical energy | energy stored in the bonds of chemical substances
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| adenosine triphosphate | ATP
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| electrical energy | the movement of charged particles
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| radiant (electromagnetic) energy | energy that travels in waves on the electromagnetic spectrum
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| isotope | have the same atomic number but vary in their mass numbers due to different numbers of neutrons
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| radioisotopes | isotopes that perform radioactive decay
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| solutions | homogeneous mixtures of two or more components
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| solvent | substance present in the greatest quantity
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| solute | substance present in smaller amount
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| mole | an amount of substance equal to its atomic (molecular) weight
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| avogadro's number | 6.02 x 10^23
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| colloids | heterogeneous mixtures that appear translucent or milky
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| sol-gel transformations | to change reversibly from a fluid to a more solid state
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| octet rule | except for shell 1, atoms interact where they must have 8 electrons in their valence shell
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| crystals | in absence of water, cations and anions are held together by ionic bonds
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| electronegativity | capability to attract electrons
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| electropositive | electron attracting ability is low and they usually lose their valence shell to other atoms
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| dipole | polar molecule
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| synthesis reaction | atoms or molecules combine to form a larger molecule
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| anabolic | constructive activities
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| catabolic | destructive activities
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| decomposition reaction | bonds are broken to form smaller particles
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| exchange/displacement reactions | include both decomp and synthesis reactions
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| oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions | hybrid reactions that can be classified as both decomp and exchange reactions
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| oxidized | the electron donor
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| reduced | electron acceptor
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| exergonic | energy releasing
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| endergonic | energy absorbing
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| catalyst | substances that increase the rate of chemical reactions
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| enzymes | biological catalysts
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| organic compounds | contain carbon
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| hydrolysis reactions | breakdown by water
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| dehydration synthesis | water is removed from every chemical bond
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| electrolytes | substances that conduct current in solution
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| acid | releases hydrogen ions (H+)
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| base | take hydrogen ions (H+), releases (OH-)
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| carbohydrate | includes sugars and starches
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| monosaccharide | one sugar
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| disaccharide | two sugar
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| polysaccharide | multiple sugar
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| polymer | many polysaccharides
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| triglycerides, triacylglycerols | neutral fats
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| saturated fats | have single carbon bonds, solid
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| unsaturated fats | have double or triple bonds, liquid at room temperature
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| steroids | have hydrocarbon rings instead of chains
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| fibrous proteins | structural proteins
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| globular proteins | functional proteins (ex: enzymes)
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| cofactor | needed by enzyme to carry out a certain function
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| substrate | substance in which enzyme must bind on
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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