Anatomical terms
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Anterior (ventral) | Towards the front
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| Posterior (dorsal) | Towards the back
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| Supine | lying face up
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| Superior | above, towards the head
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| Medial | middle, toward the midline
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| Proximal | close to the point of attachment
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| cranial | towards the head
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| Superficial | near the surface
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| Inferior | below, towards the feet
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| Lateral | side, away from the midline
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| Distal | further from the point of attachment
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| Caudal | towards the tail
(if there is a tail)
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| Deep | away from the surface
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| Prone | lying face down
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| Cephalic | head
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| frontal | forehead
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| orbital | eye cavity
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| buccal | cheek
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| mental | chin
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| genital | reproductive organs
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| patellar | front of knee
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| sternal | sternum;breastbone
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| pectoral | chest
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| umbilical | navel
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| inguinal | groin
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| coxal | hip
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| crural | leg
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| Tarsal | instep; ankle
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| Pedal | foot
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| vertebral | spinal column
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| dorsum | back
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| lumbar | lower back
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| gluteal | buttocks
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| femoral | thigh
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| occipital | hack of head
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| acromial | point of shoulder
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| brachial | arm (area between the shoulder and the elbow)
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| cubital | elbow
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| sacral | between the hips (in rear)
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| perineum (perineal) | area between the genitals and the anus
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| popliteal | back of knee
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| plantar | sole of foot
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| otic | ear
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| mammary | breast
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| antecubital | front of elbow
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| antebrachial | forearm
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| carpal | wrist
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| palmar | palm
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| digital | finger
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| nasal | nose
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| oral | mouth
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| cervical | neck
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| axillary | armpit
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| abdominal | abdomen
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| sagittal plane | divides the body into left and right potions
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| transvere (horizontal plane) | divides the body into upper and lower portions
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| coronal plane | divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
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| anatomy | study of the structure of body parts and how they relate to each other
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| physiology | study of the function of body parts
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| thoracic cavity | enclosed by the rib cage and contains the lungs, heart, trachea and esophagus
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| mediastinum | middle portion of the thoracic cavity
contains the heart, thymus gland, trachea and esophagus
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| plueral cavity | contains the lungs
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| pericardial cavity | contains the heart
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| diaphragm | muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
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| abdominal cavity | inferior to the diaphragm
contains the stomach, liver, large and small intestines, etc.
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| pelvic cavity | inferior to the abdominal cavity contains reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and lower colon
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| lymphatic system | picks up fluid leaked from tissues
involved with immunity
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| endocrine system | secretes chemicals that act a messengers between body parts
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| circulatory system | transports nutrients to cells and carries wastes away
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| muscular system | important in locomotion and generating body heat
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| digestive system | breaks down food; absorbs nutrients; removes solid waste from the body
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| skeletal system | support and protection of the body;site of blood cell production, stores minerals
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| integumentary system | external support and protection;synthesizes vitamin D
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| urinary system | eliminates nitrogenous waste from the body
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| nervous system | integrates and coordinate all other body systems
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| circulatory system | heart
blood vessels
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| lymphatic system | red bone marrow
thymus
spleen
lymph nodes
lymph vessels
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| nervous system | brain
spinal cord
peripheral nerves
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| digestive system | mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, anal canal, liver
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| endocrine system | hormonal glands
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| respiratory system | lungs, trachea, nasal cavity, pharynx, bronchi, bronchioles
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| respiratory system | supplies blood with oxygen
removes carbon dioxide
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| urinary system | kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
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| muscular system | skeletal muscle, tendons
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| skeletal system | bones, ligaments and joints
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| integumentary system | skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, oil glands
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| homeostasis | the relative constancy of the body's internal environment
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| negative feedback mechanism | feedback mechanism that returns the body to its original state (towards homeostasis)
ex. regulation of blood glucose levels, body temp, rate of breath, etc.
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| positive feedback mechanism | feddback mechanism that moves the internal environment of the body away from homeostasis
ex. childbirth, blood clotting
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| 6 abdominopelvic regions | left and right hypochondriac
left and right iliac
left and right lumbar
epigastric
hypgastric
umbilical
epigastri
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| 4 abdominopelvic quadrants | right upper
right lower
left upper
left lower
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| list the levels of organization in the proper order | 1. chemical/molecular
2. cellular
3. tissue
4. organ
5. organ system
6. organism
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Created by:
smithscience
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