Musculoskeletal
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| Bones | Oste/o, Oss/i, Osse/o
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| Muscles | Muscul/o, My/o, Myos/o
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| Joints/Articulations | Athr/o, Articul/o
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| Ligaments | Ligament/o, Syndesm/o
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| Tendons | Tendin/o, Tend/o, Ten/o
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| Fascia | Fasci/o
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| Cartilage | Cartiag/o, Chondr/o
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| Shapes of Human Bones | Long Bones
Short Bones
Flat Bones
Irregular Bones
Sesamoid Bones
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| Bone Structure | Osteocytes (mature bone cells)
Matrix (material between cells)
Osteoblasts (cells that build bone)
Osteoclasts (Cells that breakdown bones to transform them as needed)
Compact Bone (Osteocytes and Matrix)
-Cancellous(Spongy)Bone
-Medullary Cavity
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| Long Bones | Diaphysis (long shaft)
Epiphysis (end of the bone)
Epiphyseal plate (area where bone growth takes place)
Metaphysis (epiphysis and epiphyseal plate)
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| Bone Depressions (groove or opening) | Fissure (fissur/o)deep cleft/groove
Foramen (pl.foramina) (foramin/o)opening or hole
Fossa (pl. fossae) (foss/o)hollow depression
Sinus sinus/o, sin/o)cavity lined membrane
Sulcus (pl. sulci) (sulc/o) groove or depression not deep
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| Bone Processes (raised or projected areas) | Condyle rounded projection-end of bone
Crest elongated elevation
Epicondyle projection on the surface of bone
Head rounded portion on bones
Spine thorn-like projection
Trochanter bony projections on femurs
Tubercle nodule
Tuberosity larger than a n
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| Axial Skeleton | Skull
Rib cage
Vertebrae
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| Skull | Cranium (crani/o)
-Frontal bone anterior and forehead
-Parietal bone sides
-Occipital bone back of skull
-Temporal bone lower two sides of cranium
-Ethmoid bone roof and walls of nasal cavity
-Sphenoid bone anterior the temporal and basilar of occi
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| Rib Cage |
True ribs
False ribs
Floating ribs
Sternum (stern/o)
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| Vertebrae | Spinous process(spin/o)
Lamina(lamin/o)
Vertebral body
Transverse process
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| Spine: 26 Vertebrae | Cervical C1-C7 (cervic/o)
Thoracic T1-T12 (thorac/o)
Lumbar L1-L5 (lumb/o)
Sacral S1-S5 (sacr/o)
Coccygeal (coccyg/o)
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| Appendicular Skeleton | Upper
-shoulder girdle
-Arms
Lower
-Pelvic girdle
-Legs
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| Upper Appendicular Bones | Scapula(scapul/o)shoulder blades
Clavicle (clavicul/o, cleid/o)collar bone
Humerus(humer/o)upper arm bone
Radius lower lateral arm bone
ulna lower medial arm bone
Carpal(carp/o)wrist bones
Metacarpals (metacarp/o)5 bones
Phalanges (phalang/o)14 bon
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| Lower Appendicular Skeleton | Pelvis (pelv/i, pelv/o)
-Ilium (ili/o)
-Ischium (ischi/o)
-Pubis (pub/o)
Leg
-Femur (femor/o)
-Patella (patell/o, patell/a)
-Tibia (tibi/o)
-Fibula (fibul/o, perone/o)
-Tarsal (tars/o)
-Metatarsal (metatars/o)
-Phalanges (phalang/o)
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| Joints/Articulations | Range of Motion (ROM)
-Synarthoses
-Amphiarthroses
-Diarthroses (synovial)
-Bursa (pl. bursae)
-Meniscus (pl. menisci)
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| Muscles | Types
-Skeletal
-Smooth
-Heart
-Antagonistic muscles
-Flexor/extensor muscles
-Synergistic muscles
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| Tendons | Origin
Insertion
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| Muscle Action | Extension
Flexion
Adduction
Abduction
Supination
Pronation
Dorsiflexion
Plantar flexion
Eversion
Inversion
Rotation
Circumduction
Protraction
Retraction
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| Terms Related to Congenital Conditions | Achondroplasia
Muscular dystrophy
Polydactyly
Syndactyly
Spina bifida occulta
Talipes
Torticollis
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| Terms Related to Bone Disease | Osteodynia
Osteitis deformans
Osteomalacia
-Rickets
Osteomyelitis
Osteoporosis
-Osteopenia
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| Terms Related to Cartilage Disorders | Chondromalacia
Costochondritis
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| Terms Related to Joint Disease | Bunion
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
Temporomandibular joint disorder(TMJ)- Gnathalgia
Osteoarthritis (OA) - Degenerative joint disease (DJD)
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Arthrosis
Baker cyst
Bursitis
Crepitus
Osteophytosis
Tendinitis
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| Terms Related to Spinal Disorders | Back pain
-Dorsalgia
-Lumbago
Malcurvatures of the spine
-Scoliosis
-Lordosis
-Kyphosis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Herniated intervertebral disk
Spondylolisthesis
Spinal stenosis
Spondylosis
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| Terms Related to Muscle Disorders | Contracture
Fibromyalgia
Myasthenia gravis
Plantar fasciitis
Polymyositis
Postlaminectomy syndrome
Rhabdomyolysis
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| Terms Related to Trauma | Fractures
-Closed/open
-Pathologic
-Comminuted
-Compression
-Colles
-Complicated
Fractures
-Impacted
-Hairline
-Greenstick
-Salter-Harris
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| Terms Related to Other Trauma | Sprain
Strain
Dislocation
Subluxation
Compartment syndrome
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| Terms Related to Benign Neoplasms | Exostosis
Osteoma
Chondroma
Leiomyoma
Rhabdomyoma
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| Terms Related to Malignant Neoplasms | Osteosarcoma
-Ewing sarcoma
Chondrosarcoma
Leiomyosarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma
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| Terms Related to Imaging | Arthrography
Arthroscopy
Computed tomography (CT) scan
DEXA scan
Electromyography (EMG)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Myelogram
Range of motion (ROM) testing
X-ray (radiograph)
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| Terms Related to Other Diagnostic Tests | Phalen test
Rheumatoid factor (RF) test
Serum calcium (Ca)
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| Terms Related to Setting Fractures | Malunion and nonunion
Sequestrum
Debridement
Fixation
-Internal
-External
Reduction
-Open
-Closed
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| Terms Related to Therapeutic Interventions | Amputation
Prosthesis
Bunionectomy
Osteoclasis
Osteoplasty
Traction
Kyphoplasty
Laminectomy
Spondylosyndesis
Arthrocentesis
Arthrodesis
Arthroplasty
Meniscectomy
Syndesmoplasty
Tenomyoplasty
Total hip replacement (THR)
Total knee replaceme
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| Pharmacology | Analgesics
Antiinflammatories
Antirheumatics
Bisphosphonates
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDS)
Muscle relaxants
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| Musculoskeletal | Muscle = Muscul/o
Skeletal = Skelet/o
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| Fascia | Tough fibrous covering of the muscles and some nerves and blood vessels
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| Articular Cartilage | Covers the ends of many bones and serves a protective function.
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| Hematopoiesis | storage of minerals and continual formation of blood in bone marrow
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| Rheumatalogy | deals with disorders of connective tissues,including bone and cartilage.
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| Physiatry | concerns diagnosis and treatment of disease or injury with the use of physical agents.
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| Bone Marrow | Produces all of the blood cells needed by the body
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