Chapter 9 Matching
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Surrounds entire muscle | Epimysium
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| Surrounds each muscle fiber | Endomysium
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| Surrounds each muscle bundle (fascicle) | Perimysium
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| Binds muscles into functional groups | Deep fascia
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| Plasma membrane of skeletal muscle fiber | Sarcolemma
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| Cytoplasm of a skeletal muscle fiber | Sarcoplasm
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| Series of membranous channels (modified ER) that surround each myofibril | Sarcoplasmic reticulum
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| Rod-like contractile elements within a muscle fiber | Myofibril
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| Functional unit of a skeletal muscle fiber | Sarcomere
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| Area of the sarcomere with overlapping thick and thin filaments | A band
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| Area of the sarcomere containing only thin filaments | I band
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| Area in the center of the A band containing only thick filaments | H band
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| Cross-bridges | Myosin molecules
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| Contains vesicles filled with acetylcholine | Synaptic knob
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| Space between the neuron and the muscle | Synaptic cleft
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| Contains receptors for acetylcholine | Motor end plate
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| Type of contraction represented by a single stimulus/contraction/relaxation sequence | Twitch
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| A muscle producing peak tensions with visible relaxation during rapid cycles of contraction and relaxation | Incomplete tetanus
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| A muscle that is stimulated so frequently that the relaxation phase is completely eliminated | Complete tetanus
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| When a muscle is stimulated repeatedly for several seconds with a constant stimulus, the amount of tensions gradually increases to a maximum | Wave summation
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| Activities best suited for slow oxidative fibers | Endurance-type activities
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| Activities best suited for fast oxidative fibers | 400M or 800M sprint
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| Activities best suited for fast glycolytic fibers | Short-term intense movements
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| Single, very long cylindrical, multinucleate cells with striations | Skeletal muscle fibers
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| Branching chains of cells; uni- or binucleate striations; intercalated discs | Cardiac muscle cells
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| Single, fusion, uninucleated; no striations | Smooth muscle cells
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| Ability to receive and respond to a stimulus | Excitability
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| Ability to shorten forcibly when adequately stimulated | Contractility
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| Ability to be stretched or extended | Extensibility
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| Ability of a muscle to resume its resting length after being stretched | Elasticity
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| Propagation of an electrical current along the sarcolemma | Action potential
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| The initial polarized state | Resting potential
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| Restoration of membrane potential to resting potential | Repolarization
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| The time when fiber cannot stimulated until repolarization is complete | Refractory period
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| Neurotransmitter released into the neuromuscular junction | Acetylcholine
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| Enzyme released into neuromuscular junction to break down acetylcholine | Acetylcholinesterase
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| Released by terminal cisternae into the sarcoplasm to bind with troponin | Ca2+
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| Protein found in SR that binds calcium | Calsequestrin
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| Protein that works alternately with calsequestrin | Calmodulin
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| Electrical event occurring only at neuromuscular junction | End plate potential
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| Electrical event spreading in all directions from neuromuscular junction across the sarcolemma | Action potential
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| Membrane charge prior to depolarization | Resting (polarized) potential
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| Time between the stimulus and an action potential initiation | Latent period
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| Outside positive relative to the inside | Electrical conditions of a resting sarcolemma
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| Production of an end plate potential at the motor end plate and consequent depolarization of adjacent areas | Depolarization and generation of action potential
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| Increased positive charge inside sarcolemma changes permeability of adjacent areas, opening voltage-regulated Na+ channels | Propagation of the action potential
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| Change in sarcolemma after the wave of depolarization; Na+ channels close and K+ channels open, allowing K+ to create a positive charge outside the membrane | Repolarization
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| Pulling on something to change its position | Producing movement
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| Development of tension to prevent movement as in keeping the vertebral column upright. | Maintaining posture
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| Attaching to bones and keeping them in close proximity to one another. | Stabilizing joints
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| Release of energy during metabolism | Generation of heat
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| Changes shape during the contraction cycle | Myosin
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| Slides toward the M line during a contraction. | Actin
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| Covers the binding site. | Tropomyosin
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| Binds Ca2+ and starts the contraction cycle | Troponin
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