The anatomy of the Anterior and Medial thigh
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| show | External iliac artery-->femoral artery-->popliteal artery-->anterior tibial artery (dorsalis pedis artery) and posterior tibial artery (medial and lateral plantar arteries, fibular artery)
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| Where do the veins begin? | show 🗑
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| show | Passes ANTERIOR to MEDIAL malleolus-->up medial side of leg (receives branches of small saphenous vein)-->continues up medial side of thigh-->enters saphenous opening of fascia lata-->emites into femoral vein
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| show | One way valves maintain upward flow-->communicates by perforating veins with deep veins; incompentent valves cause VARICOSE VEINS
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| Where is the small saphenous vein? What veins does it communicate with? | show 🗑
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| show | ABOVE fascia lata in two groups: horizontal (below inguinal ligament) and vertical (follow upper end of great saphenous vein)
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| show | anterior and posterior surfaces of the trunk below the umbilicus; perineum including half of the anal canal, vagina, all of the external genitlia (except testes); superifical lymph vessels of lower limb
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| Where do the deep inguinal nodes lie? | show 🗑
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| What do the deep inguinal nodes drain? Where does the lymph of the deep inguinal nodes go? | show 🗑
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| show | Thickening of the fascia lata on the lateral aspect; runs from the iliac tubercle to the lateral condyle of the tibia
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| show | Gap in the deep fascia in the anterior thigh just below the inguinal ligament; transmits the great saphenous vein and lymph vessels
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| What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh? | show 🗑
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| show | Femoral nerve and artery
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| show | Femoral nerve; flexes and laterally rotates thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg; ACTS ACROSS TWO JOINTS (attached to anterior superior iliac spine)
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| * * Nerve and action of the quadriceps femoris | show 🗑
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| * * What are the four muscles of the quadriceps femoris? | show 🗑
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| * * What is the patellar retinacula? | show 🗑
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| show | Psoas: L2-L4, Iliacus: Femoral nerve; CHIEF FLEXOR OF THE HIP
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| * * What is the nerve and action pectineus | show 🗑
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| show | Gracilus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, and obturator externus
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| show | Profunda femoris artery, obturator artery; obturator nerve
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| show | Obturator; ADDUCTS the thigh at the hip joint, flexes the leg at the knee joint
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| * * What is the nerve and action of the adductor longus | show 🗑
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| show | Adductor portion: obturator nerve; adducts and flexes the thigh. Hamstring portion: Tibial divison of the sciatic nerve; extends the thigh
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| show | Obturator nerve; laterally rotates the thigh
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| * * What are the superior, lateral, and medial borders of the femoral triangle? Floor? | show 🗑
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| show | Femoral nerve (not in sheath!), femoral sheath (artery, vein), deep inguinal nodes
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| show | Downward potrusion of the extraperitoneal fascia enveloping the iliac vessels in the abdomen
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| * * What are the contents of the femoral sheath (lateral to medial)? | show 🗑
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| * * * Where is the femoral canal? | show 🗑
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| show | Upper opening of the canal into the abdomen; closed by extraperitoneal connective tissue
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| show | Fat, all efferent vessels from deep inguinal nodes, one deep inguinal lymph node
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| * * What is a femoral hernia? | show 🗑
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| show | BELOW AND LATERAL to pubic tubercle; ABOVE and MEDIAL. Femoral hernia pass out femoral canal below the inguinal ligament onto the thigh
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| show | Compression of the blood supply of the viscus
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| * * Where is the adductor canal? | show 🗑
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| show | Lateral: vastus medialis, Posteromedial: adductor longus and magnus; Anterior: sartorius
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| The adductor canal at the adductor hiatus (gap in the adductor magnus tendon for passage of the femoral vessels into the ____ ___ behind the knee. | show 🗑
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| show | They change name as they pass through the adductor hiatus
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| * * What spinal nerves supply the femoral nerve? where does it enter thigh? What does it break up into + where? | show 🗑
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| * What is the terminal branch of the femoral nerve? | show 🗑
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| * What spinal nerves supply the obturator nerve? What are its branches? What muscles do they pass through? | show 🗑
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| show | Enters the thigh by passing behind inguinal ligament as direct continuation of the external iliac artery; lies midway between anterior superior iliac spine and the symphisis pubis
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| * Where is the profunda femoris? | show 🗑
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| show | Lateral circumflex femoral artery, medial circumflex femoral artery, four perforating arteries; pierce tendons of the adductor muscles to enter posterior compartment of thigh
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| * * What is the chief blood supply of the posterior compartment of the thigh? | show 🗑
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| show | Obturator
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Created by:
karkis77
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