The Endocrine System
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| Where are the Adrenal Glands? | They sit ontop of the kidneys
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| Where art the Pineal and Pituitary Glands? | Brain
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| What gland controls growth? | Pituitary Gland
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| Where is the thymus located? | Behind the sternum
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| What does the Thymus produce? | T cell
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| Where is the thyroid gland located? | In the throat
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| What does the Thyroid gland regulate? | Matabolism
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| Endocrin | Secrete within
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| Hypercrinism | Excessive secretion of any gland
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| Crin | To secrete
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| Hypocrinism | Deficient secretion of any gland
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| Follicle-stimulating hormone | stimulates the secretion of estrogen and growth of ova
stimulates the production of sperm
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| Growth hormone | (Somatotropic hormone) regulates growth
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| Somat/o | Body
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| Tropic- | affinity for
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| Interstital cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH) | ovulation in female
secretion of testosterone
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| Luteinizing hormone | ovulation in female/progestrone
testosterone
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| Oxytocin | Uterine contraction during child birth
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| Oxy | Swift
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| -tocin | Labor
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| acr/o | extremities
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| pituitar | pituitary
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| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | autoimmune disease body's own antibodies attack and destroy the cells of the thyroid gland
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| Myxedema | extreme deficiency of thyroid secretion
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| Graves' disease | autoimmune disorder caused by hyperthyroidism
symptoms include goiter/exophthalmos
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| Goiter | nonmalignant enlargement of the thyroid gland
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| Exophthalmos | protrusion of the eyeball out of orbit
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| Hyperparathyroidism | overproduction of parathyroid hormone
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| Hypercalcemia | high concentration of calcium in blood
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| calc | calcium
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| Hypocalcemia | low levels of calcuim in blood
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| Osteitis fibrosa | bones become softened and deformed and may develop cysts
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| Glucagon | secreted by alpha cell in response to low blood sugar levels
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| Insulin | secreted by beta cells in response to high blood sugar levels
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| Insulinoma | benign tumor of the pancreas
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| glyc | sugar
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| dipsia | thrist
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| uria | urination
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| Type 1 diabetes | beta cells do not secrete enough insulin
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| Type 2 diabetes | insulin is being produced by body does not use it effectively
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| Insulin shock | caused by low blood sugar
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| Diabetic coma | caused by very high blood sugar
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| Corticosteroids | produced by adrenal cortex
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| Aldosterone | regulates the salt and water levels in the body
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| Androgens | hormones that influence sex-related characteristics
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| Cortisol | (Hydrocortisone) anti-inflammatory action. regulates the metabolism of carbs, fat, and protein.
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| Epinephrine | adrenaline- stimulates the sympathetic nervous system in response to stress or other stimuli
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| Norepinephrine | hormone/neurohormone fight or flight response
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| Addison's disease | Adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormone by the adrenal medulla
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| Aldosteronism | abnomality of electrolyte balance caused by the excessive secretion of aldosterone
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| Conn's syndrome | disorder of adrenal glands due to excessive production of aldosterone
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| Pheochromocytoma | benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes the gland to produce excess epinephrine
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| phe/o | dusky
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| chrom/o | color
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| cyt | cell
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| Cushing's syndrome | (hypercortisolism) caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol (moom face)
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| Gonads | ovaries in female
testicles in male
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| gemete | reproductive cell
sperm in male
ova (eggs) in the female
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| Gonadotropin | any hormone that stimulates the gonads
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| gonad/o | gonad
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| -tropin | simulate
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| Testosterone | stimulates the development of male secondary sex characteristics
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| Estrogen | female secondary sex characteristic and period
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