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2011 USH AP review

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
show A land bridge that spanned from Alaska to Siberia.  
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SPAIN IN THE NEW WORLD: What was the encomienda?   show
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show 1) The caravel allowed people to sail along West Africa's coast and was a breakthrough in European expansion. 2) Eliminated some nautical uncertainties 3) Spread scientific knowledge  
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show Caused the Portugese to establish trade posts.  
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show He strengthened the European's desire to find a quicker route to the new world.  
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NEW WORLD BEGINS: The impact of the crusades on European cunsumers?   show
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show 1) wheat, sugar, rice, horses, disease 2) gold, silver, corn, disease 3) slaves and disease  
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show 1) 1494 2) A treaty that secured Spain's claim to the discoveries of Columbus 3) Signed by Portugal and Spain 4) Spain recieved most land; Portugal recieved some land; all other nations (and indians) ignored  
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show 1) He protested Spanish policies and mourned the brutal fate of the Native Americans. 2) He criticized this.  
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show Discoverer of the Pacific Ocean  
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SPANISH CONQUISTADORES: Magellan   show
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SPANISH CONQUISTADORES: Coronado   show
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show Conqueror of the Peruvian Incas. He returned to Spain with gold.  
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show Conqueror of the Aztec city, Tenochtitlan. In conquering the city, he brough European animals, crop, language, laws, and culture to Mexico.  
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ENGLISH EXPLORERS: John Cabot   show
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show Explorer of St. Lawrence River.  
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THE NEW WORLD BEGINS: Junipero Serra & Franciscans (CA)   show
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show a legend that stated teh Spanish only caused disease in, abused, and stole gold from indians. While the Spanish did these things, the legend left out the successful empire established in the new world.  
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THE NEW WORLD BEGINS: Relations between indians and English explorers versus between indians and Spanish explorers.   show
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show Protestanism  
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show Catholocism  
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show The English goal (supported by Queen Elizabeth and Sir Francis Drake) of spreading protestanism and siezing Spanish treasures.  
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show 1) 1588 2) Spain set out to invade England. 3) England devistated and crushed Spain.  
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16th C. EUROPE: the enclosure movement & impact   show
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16th C. EUROPE: primogeniture & impact   show
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show Enabled investors to pool capital (money for investment). This provided the financial means for English colonization of the new world.  
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show Goals included gold and passage through America to the indies.  
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show Englishman's rights, even though in America  
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COLONIES: the first colony? year founded? problems?   show
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COLONIES: John Smith   show
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show 1) virgina co. ordered Jameston to wage war on indians. the peace settlement that resulted was the first interracial union in Virginia. 2) Chesopeke indians were isolated & banned  
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show perfected tobacco  
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show The first of small American parliaments, authorized by the London Co.  
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COLONIES: James I & the Virginia Co., 1624   show
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show Lord Baltimore, 1634  
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show The colon was founded for profit and as a Catholic haven.  
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COLONIES: Maryland's main source of labor in its first years?   show
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COLONIES: the Maryland Act of Toleration (1649)   show
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show sugar black slaves  
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COLONIES: the Barbados slave code   show
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COLONIAL CAROLINAS: the Lords Propietors   show
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COLONIAL CAROLINAS: relations with indians?   show
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show rice  
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COLONIAL NC: types of people that settled here   show
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show to create a buffer to protect the carolinas from Spaniards in Florida and French in Louisiana  
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show Founded as a gaven for people with debt. James Oglethorpe.  
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What were the original southern colonies? Location?   show
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show to divide Pennsylvania and Maryland  
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show God is all powerful, all good, and all knowing. The original sin made people weak and wicked.  
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show The idea that God already knows who will and won't go to Heaven. Coversion is a literal experience in which God reveals to a person whether or not he or she is predestined. Predistined people expected to live sanctified lives as an example to others  
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PURITANS: goal for the Church of England   show
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PURITANS: goals of separatists   show
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PLYMOUTH: who came, from where, and why?   show
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show Set a constitutional example and was an advance in self government.  
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PLYMOUTH: William Bradford   show
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show Puritans from England. They feared England's future and their faith.  
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show the colony's charter. Asserted the colony's independence.  
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show 1630's  
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show John Winthrop  
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show ...city on a hill.  
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show only church going males. More inclusive: all male property owners, with a few exceptions.  
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show to enforce God's laws on the religious and not religous  
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MA BAY COLONY: treatment of Quakers?   show
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MA BAY COLONY: Anne hutchinson & beliefs   show
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MA BAY COLONY: Roger Williams & beliefs   show
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RHODE ISLAND: Williams   show
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show complete religious freedoms for everyone; no tax for church, oaths, or requied church attendence All allowed to vote initially  
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CONNECTICUT: Thomas Hooker & who settled   show
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show A constitution that established a democratically controlled government. parts of it were later used in the connecticut charter and constitution.  
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COLONIES: cause of Pequot war and outcome   show
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COLONIES: outcome of king philip's war   show
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COLONIAL UNITY: New england confederation: purpose and members   show
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COLONIAL UNITY: dominion of new england: purpose? whose idea? its end?   show
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sir Edmund Andros   show
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show 1688-89; William and Mary replace James II; salutary neglect begins  
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NEW NETHERLANDS: Henry Hudson   show
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Life in new amsterdam (york)   show
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NEW NETHERLANDS: patroonships   show
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show led a small military expedition against Swedish intrustion on the Delaware  
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the end of New Netherlands   show
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show by William Penn in Pennsylvania  
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show All people are kids in god's eyes (equality); spoke up in own meetings; refused to support the Church of England with taxes or take oaths, even to denounce catholocism  
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planning for Philidelphia; government, religious freedom, and relations with indians in Philadelphia/Pennsylvania   show
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show MA, NH, RI, CT  
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Middle colonies?   show
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Chesapeke colonieS?   show
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17C CHESAPEKE: typical immigrants?   show
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show Few and fragile families; males struggled to find mates; death of a spouse destroyed a family quickly; weak family ties  
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Define franchise   show
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show the dividing line between land settled and land not settled by whites  
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show indentured servents were laborors on tobacco plantations; they worked to repay the cost of transantlantic passage to America  
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17C: the headright system   show
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show 1676: Bachelors discontant with lack of land and women. Berkley was frienly with indians. Bacon killed indians and ran berkeley out. Bacon died from disease; Berkley killed rebellion Created tension; africans better source of labor  
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show from the west coast of North Africa  
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show slave codes that originated in virginia and made slaves and their descendants slaves for the duration of their white master's life  
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17C: restrictions imposed by slave codes   show
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show In carolinas: family life possible, less physically demanding In Chesapeke: more severe, hot labor; loneley, scattered plantations  
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show a combination of English and African language  
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show planters owned a lot of land and slaves, thus dominated economy  
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17C SOUTH: small farmers   show
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show bottom of society  
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show because few cities few urban classes (based mostly on plantations)  
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show added ten years to life expectancy (chesapeke subtracted 10 yrs)  
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show new England: migrated as and maintained families  
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show Lots of kids, early marriage; obediance in children  
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show NEW ENGLAND: less property rights so as not to cause conflict in marriage (land rights given to husband in marriage) SOUTH: more property rights in case of widowed  
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show Integrity of marriage (little divorce), protection from abusive swposues; women only allowed to work as midwives  
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17C NEW ENGLAND: role of the proprietors   show
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show meetinghouse surrounded by houses; villiage green for militia drills; elementary eductation for towns of 50+ families  
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show first American college (1636) to train local boys for ministry  
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show each man voted (democracy)  
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17C: RELIGION IN NE: jeremiads   show
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show decline in coversions = decline in church members  
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17C: RELIGION IN NE: Half-way Covenent? how did it change the position of the "elect"?   show
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17C: RELIGION IN NE: events in the Salem witchcraft crisis   show
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show accused from families associated with Salem's burgeonin market economy; accusers from substinance farming families  
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show not as many immagrants attracted Soil & climate allowed for diverse agriculture, but made staples like tobacco impossible.  
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17C: NE: settlers impact on the environment   show
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17C: Nonfarming industries which prospered in New England   show
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show farming  
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show less than in south but cheaper  
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17C: were colonial social differences generally larger or smaller than in Europe   show
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18C: the ratio of English to colonial population in 1700? In 1775?   show
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show contained people to the east side  
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show Rural (about 90%)  
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18C: what were the four largest cities?   show
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show - Pennsylvania (more religious diversity; to perserve German culture) - Pennsylvania (little English loyalty) - New York (little English loyalty) - South  
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show - black - least diversity (English) - mostly white  
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show - Scots-Irish marched, armed, on Phildelphia to protest the Quaker oligarcy's lose relationship with Native Americans - Led Regulator movement, a rebellion against Eastern control on colonies, in North carolina  
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18C: was colonial sociey more or less even over time?   show
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18C: the main occupation of the wealthy in New England and the middle colonies   show
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show Europe  
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show Ministers  
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18C: sectional economic activity of the south? middle colonies? new England?   show
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show America - Europe - Africa America provided rum; Europe provided sugar; Africa provided slaves  
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show stimulated production of tools & protection of trees used in ship-building to preserve English sea power  
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show Fine for cutting down a King's marked tree  
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18C: Mollasses Act: year & intent; evasion by colonists?   show
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18C: define established church   show
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show New England (excluding RI)  
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show Georgia, Carolinas, Virginia, Maryland, part of NY  
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Years of the first Great Awakening   show
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18C: 1ST GREAT AWAKENING: a change in ideas about perdestination? about conversion?   show
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18C: 1ST GREAT AWAKENING: Jonathon Edwards   show
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18C: 1ST GREAT AWAKENING: George Whitefield   show
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18C: 1ST GREAT AWAKENING: "Old lights" v. "New Lights"   show
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18C: the 1st great awakening's impact on Americans in general   show
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show Literacy to make good Christians (so they could read the Bible)  
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18C: gender and education   show
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18C: the curriculum in colonial schools   show
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18C: the significance of the University of Pennsylvania   show
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show artists who pained potraits; ended up in England  
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18C: Georgian architecture   show
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18C: Phillis Weatley   show
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show editor of Poor richard's Alamanc (offered advice that shaped American character)  
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show 1735: caused when a newspaper spoke out against a royal governor; the case was brought to the court, but no one was charged for speaking out. + Freedom of the press  
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18C: how were governors in the eight royal colonies chosen   show
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show propietors chose governers  
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show elected  
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18C: selection of upper and lower houses in legislatures   show
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show chose taxes they thought were necessary to support colonial government  
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18C: the impact of town meetings in colonies   show
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show religious and property qualifications  
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show taxes levied at sea ports on imported goods  
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18C; define internal (direct) taxes   show
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show that it threatened liberty and bribes corrupted the government. They warned American colonists to kep an eye out for a threat to their rights.  
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show by gaining more money (money=power)  
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18C: Britain's ideas about production and consumption in its colonies   show
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18C: Adam Smith on mercantilism   show
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show Tried to regulate mercantilism  
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show products that go exclusively to Great Britain, regardless of price.  
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18C: currency laws   show
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18C: enforcement of the navigation laws   show
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18C: benifits from bounties   show
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show strongest at the time; protected Americans for free  
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show created a dependency on Great britain, stalled economic initiative, and created a sense that America was the used child of parent country, Great Britain  
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18C: the British debt in 1763 & its main source   show
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18C: the sugar act   show
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show 1765: required colonists to supply british troops with food and quarters  
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18c; the stamp act   show
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show passed the sugar, quartering, and stamp acts as a solution to the british debt  
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18c; American objections to admiralty courts   show
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show Legistlation dealt with matters, including trade, that impacted the entire british empire (which included America). Taxation: mother country shouldn't tax colonists, only elected colonial legislatures  
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18C: virtual representation   show
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18C: the Stamp Act Congress   show
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show violent; tar & feather; raided unpopular officials' homes  
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show trade suffered  
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18C: Parliament's action on the Stamp Act?   show
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18C: the Declaratory Act   show
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show Passed by Charles Townshend; they placed a tax on several things, such as tea  
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18C: why did Townshend think Americans would be willing to pay his taxes?   show
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show suspicious; didn't want rights taken away, like the British Whigs warned against  
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show due to a lack of law and order  
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18C: boston massacre   show
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show Died in the boston massacre; was a leader of the roudy American crowd  
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18C: why did GB repeal most of the Townshend acts   show
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show to maintain the idea of parliamentary taxation  
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18C: Samuel Adams & the committees of Correspondence   show
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show This company faced bankruptcy. Great britain granted it a monopoly over the American tea business so as not to lose tax revenue from the company.  
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18C: the boston tea party   show
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show to punish Biston & MA for the boston tea party  
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18C: the boston port act   show
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show stopped  
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18C: trials for british soldiers following the boston tea party   show
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18C: the new quartering act after the boston tea party   show
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18C: the Quebec Act; what was it and why did it anger Americans?   show
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18C: purpose of the First Continental Congress   show
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18C: interolerable acts   show
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show was defeated by John adams; proposed to establish American home rule that would remain under British direction; proposed by the moderates  
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show called for a boycott and wanted to repeal taxation, not achieve complete freedom fro GB  
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show nonimportation, nonexportation, nonconsumption  
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18C: the british plan and lexington and concord   show
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show American minute-men (militia) didn't disperse quickly and some were shot  
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18C: what happened at concord? on the british return to boston?   show
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18C: British strengths? weaknesses?   show
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show leadership, french support, self-sustaining crops, hope lack of centralized authority, lacked unity, debt (and paper money), inflation  
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show Germans who fought for british (as mercanarise)  
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show in the american revolution, he was a major general at a young age. He opened french to aiding americans because he was french.  
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18C: events at valley forge   show
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18C: blacks in the revolutionary war on the american side? on the british side?   show
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18C: the location of New France   show
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show mostly sw  
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show extremely authoritarian (governor, chosen the king, made laws)  
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show courts where the judge made decisions, not a jury  
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show No (they thought they'd be disloyal)  
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show trade and a BIT of farming  
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show peaceful; sought trade with indians and to convert them to catholocism; iriquouis confederacy (allied with england)  
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show no local assemblies; governors appoint by king; tight control  
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show England bumps France off the continent  
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18C: the french and indian war: Washington's expedition & conflict with the French (Ohio valley)   show
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show a make-shift English fort that tried to hold off the French; English were defeated, captured and killed  
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show braddock and troops set out to take fort Duquesne and rescue the french; the french, however, ambushed the english when they crossed a river and resulted in death & surrendor to the french  
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show a plan to unify colonies under the king (not approved)  
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18C: wolfe takes quebec   show
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18C: the peace of paris (1763)   show
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18C: was danger more or less to the 13 colonies from spanish and indians after french and indian war?   show
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show trade continued during the war; friction when they served together (the british looked down on colonists)  
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show native american rebellion that killed 2,000 englishman and captured many forts  
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show disallowed colonists from settling past the mountains (GB didn't want to rescue colonists from conflict with france); discontented colonists, who didn't want restricted from the unsettled land  
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show wanted the king and parliament to readdress their actions in the colonies instead of gain outright independence for america  
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show colonists captured british garrisons  
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18C: Bunker hill   show
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18C: olive branch petition: what did it try to do? what was the british reaction?   show
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show King George III  
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18C: the colonial attack on canada   show
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show wrote Common sense; thought a bigger America should be indpendent from smaller GB (that GB was the mother country contradicted common sense) wanted a republic (power from the people, not the crown)  
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show greece/rome, renaissance, and british critical of own gov  
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show motioned that the colonies should be completely independet (approved)  
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18C: three main parts of declaration of independence   show
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show wrote 'remember the ladies' latter in which she argued that the american sense of equality should be extended to women  
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show older, richer generations with more traditional loyalty to the crown  
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18C: what happened to the property of many loyalists who left the country   show
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18C: washington retreats from NY   show
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18C: Trenton: what happened and who won?   show
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18C: Princeton: what happened and who won?   show
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show - to come down to meet howe if needed - to move up to meet burgoyne - to meet burgoyne and howe, coming in from the west  
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show General Burgoyne's army was forced to surrender to colonists when Leger's force was driven back and howe was preocupied  
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show did nothing (was preoccupied in philidelphia)  
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18C: oriskany   show
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18C: how did american representative franklin's appearence symbolize american cause in paris   show
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show a military alliance  
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show France, Holland, Spain  
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show the "neutral" European nations were hostile toward britain (would be on american side, but didn't actually join the war)  
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show traitor: was going to sell the west point to the british, but was thwarted  
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show planned to capture the south, which was mostly loyalist  
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18C: george rogers clark   show
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18C: john paul jones   show
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show brought the war to the sea and destroyed british merchant ships  
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18C: american privatters? their contribution to american war effort?   show
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18C: american problems from 1780-1781   show
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show fell back to yorktown after lack of victory  
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show washington + rochambeau attacked british by land and de grasse attacke by sea  
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18C: AM REV: why did the british surrender at yorktown   show
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show Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, John Jay  
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18C: AM REV: treaty of paris: spain's goal in the negotiations? france's?   show
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18C: AM REV: treaty of paris: the reason american diplomats negotiated seperately with britain (regardless of agreement between france and US)   show
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show GB recognized US's full independence. Extended from the mississippi to the great lakes to florida  
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show - supposed to be returned, but not actually - to be paid in full w/o protest, but not actually  
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18C: post am rev: primogeniture   show
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18C: post am rev: established churches   show
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show Jefferson  
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18C: post am rev: some abolition of slavery   show
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show the belief that mothers cultivate a family's mortals, which are crucial to a republic  
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show the british constitution was a collectino of laws and not written; the american constitutino was actually written and established government power from the people (blatantly laid out laws)  
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show generally included a bill of rights, required elected leg that functioned off the people, and weak exec/judicial branches  
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show suspicion from the king lasted  
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18C: POST AM REV: changes in landholding   show
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show America couldn't trae with GB colonies; no more bounties from GB  
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show diesrespect for taxes and laws; lack of unity (no longer united by common war effort)  
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show claimed aleghanny land (jealous colonies disapproved of other colonies' landclaims)  
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show almost no authority; wrote the Articles of Confederation  
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18C: 2nd cont congress: why did state land claims cause a delay in approval of the Articles of Confederation   show
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show Eliminated land claims and the land went to the federal government  
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18C: government under the articles of confederation; executive branch? federal judiciary?   show
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18C: government under the articles of confed: congress? voting? approval of important measures? approval of amendments to the articles?   show
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18C: gov under articles of confed: congress and commerce? and tax collection? its general authority?   show
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18C: articles of confed gov: Land ordinance of 1785?   show
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show 1) land would be subject to federal government 2) when the land had +60,000 inhabitants, it could be considered a state with same rides as other states (no slavery, except for already established slaves)  
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18C: articles of confed: trade with British west indies   show
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18C: articles of confed: issues with GB's forts in NW   show
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18c; articles of confed: spain and mississippi   show
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show Spain took US land and schemed with the indians to rally a lack of support for the US  
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18C: articles of confed: issues involving France   show
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show African pirates ravaged commerce and enslaved yankees on boats; the US couldn't buy or fight for protection (were protected under GB, but not any more)  
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show national debt and colonists wouldn't pay taxes  
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show on some goods from neighboring colonies  
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18C: articles of confed: cause of Shay's Rebellion? location? impact?   show
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show - met to address government's iissues of lack of control over commerce - nothing... it wasn't actually addressed because not everyone showed up  
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18C: articles of confed: philadelphia convention: original and actual purpose?   show
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show rep in congress should be based on population  
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18C; rep in congress: nj's small state plan   show
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show House of rep by population; equal rep in senate  
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show provided for the electino of president indirectly: electoral vote first, then the vote ggoes to the house of rep if no majority  
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show slaves count as 3/5 a person  
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show slavery was to end in 1807; southern states needed slaves, but all but georgia stopped slavery in constitutions before that  
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18C: safeguards against the "mob"   show
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18C: ratification of the consitution: how was it to be achieved?   show
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18C: who opposed the constitution? members? why?   show
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show federalists George WA, Benjamin Franklin, rich, educated people  
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18C: why did four small states ratify early   show
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show promise of a bill of rights by amendment  
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18C: factors behind Virginia's decision   show
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show John Jay, James madison, Alexander Hamilton propoganda: promoted federalism  
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show gave in only once the constitution had operated for severl months w/o them  
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18C: were most people east or west of the mountains by the lat 18th century   show
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18C: WA: source of cabinet   show
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18C: WA: secretary of state   show
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18C: WA: secretary of treasury   show
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show created federal courts  
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show upperclasses/wealthier wanted to gain the financial and political support of gov and secure fiscal prosperity that could influence lower classes  
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18C: WA: hamilton's plan for fed debt? reasoninG?   show
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show to repay state debts, since they were collected in a war for the nation the wealthy would be more loyal to use than to states  
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show he traded the location of district of columbia for virginia's support  
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18C: WA: Hamilton's proposed tariff? excise tax proposal?   show
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18C: WA: Hamilton's plan for a national bank   show
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18C: WA: Jefferson v hamilton on the bank   show
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show 20 yrs 1/5th federally owned, with citizen-avaliable stocks  
🗑
18C: WA: cause of whiskey Rebellion? results?   show
🗑
show beheaded king, attacked church, and reign of terror  
🗑
18C: WA: FRENCH REV: impact of france's war with GB   show
🗑
18C: WA: FRENCH REV: why did washington wish to avoid aiding francE?   show
🗑
show proclaimed that the US would be neautral and urged colonists to be impartial  
🗑
show recruited armies, claiming americans didn't really want to be neutral  
🗑
show Gb refused to abandon forts traded firearms/water/fur with indians and promoted an anti-american image, esp among iriquois confed  
🗑
18C: WA: Battle of Fallen Timbers   show
🗑
show ended the battle of fallen timbers; NW land ceded to US; indians paid and promiesd avaliability of hunding on the ceded land the indians  
🗑
18C: WA: actions by the royal navy against american merchant ships and sailors   show
🗑
show with Gb forts to be abandoned ships to be repaid but not stopped impressment - no promise to stop pre-rev debts to be paid to GB by US  
🗑
show spain feared a treaty between us and gb so they formed an alliance with us first  
🗑
show returned mississippi to florida spain and us  
🗑
show Federalist new England  
🗑
18C: ADAMS: impact of jay's treaty on france   show
🗑
show captured them  
🗑
18C: ADAMS: XYZ AFAIR: french demands?   show
🗑
18C: ADAMS: terms of convention of 1800   show
🗑
18C: ADAMS: Alien Law? Sedition act?   show
🗑
show violated freedom of speech and of press  
🗑
18C: ADAMS: Virginia (madison) and Kentucky (Jefferson) resolutions   show
🗑
show FEDERALIST: John Adams; north REPUBLICAN: Thomas Jefferson; south and west  
🗑
show same number of electoral votes a few federalists in the house of representatives finally switched votes  
🗑
show prevented future presidential ties by giving one vot for VP and one vote for P to electors  
🗑
19C: the real revolution of 1800?   show
🗑
show that all republicans are republicans, and vice versa  
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: number of federalists removed from office?   show
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: the naturalization law of 1802   show
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: what happened to the excise tax on whiskey? effects?   show
🗑
show not repealed  
🗑
show left alone/not attacked  
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: what happened to the tariff   show
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: the judiciary act of 1801   show
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: who were the "midnight judges"? what happened to them?   show
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: Chief Justice John Marshall's politial party? his beliefs about government?   show
🗑
show Marbury sued for commission as a justice of the peace for Washington, DC (denied by Madison) it was the first case in which something was ruled "unconstitutional"  
🗑
show the power of the supreme court, NOT states, to determine what is and isn't constitutional  
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: new size of armed forces   show
🗑
show pirates profited off americans, who had no peace with them and couldn't purchase protection  
🗑
show paid ransom for americans captured by barbary pirates  
🗑
show only small gunboats, not large warships, are necessary protection over attacking  
🗑
show france spain  
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: issues with New Orleans?   show
🗑
show made the original offor to napoleon to buy Louisiana for $10 million  
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: why did napoleon sell all of Lousiana? (2 reasons)   show
🗑
show US payed $15 million for New Orleans and the land west of it  
🗑
show The constitution doesn't specifically permit the president to negotiate such a large expansion of the union. The purchase went through anyway, so US didn't scare off or dissuade Napoleon.  
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: the significance of Louisiana for American avoidance of "entangling alliances"   show
🗑
show - to explore the norther part of the louisiana purchase - to explore the southern territory  
🗑
show Burr plotted the secession of NE and NY with the Federalists; the plot was exposed by Hamilton  
🗑
19C: JEFERSON: his first vp?   show
🗑
show killed by Burr in a duel when Hamilton wouldn't fire  
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: Burr's intentions in the SW?   show
🗑
show fount innocent - he plotted but didn't commit treason To Europe; urged france to allign with GB and attack US  
🗑
show Napoleonic wars  
🗑
show edicts that closed French European ports to goreign shipping, including America, unless they passed a british port first  
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: Berlin and milan decrees: what were they? response to what?   show
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: what happened to impressed sailors?   show
🗑
show a british frigate, demanding 4 deserters off the US chesapeake, fired at the american ship when they were dnied. They killed and injured some americans and took the 4 anyway.  
🗑
19C: JEFFERSON: the embargo act: what was it? what was it a response to? what was it an alternative to?   show
🗑
show - shippers had less business; farmers had a surplus of crops - smuggling increased  
🗑
show passed by the US in response to the british and french; allowed trade with all nations except for great britain and france  
🗑
show it caused more discontent and economic suffering in the americans than on the british and french; the french stole exports from merchance ships; hard to enforce  
🗑
show america would reinstate the embargo with the enemy of the nation who repealed restrictions on trade first  
🗑
19C: MADISON: napoleon's response to macon's bill no. 2   show
🗑
show US waited for GB to repeal orders of concil if france and US traded; GB wanted US exports to itself, so it refused; the embargo was reinstated only on GB and american neutrality in the war was ended  
🗑
19C: MADISON: republican "war hawks" from s and w   show
🗑
show orders in council interupted american trade; impressment  
🗑
show indians posed threat to expanding americans; all indeans east of the mississippi banded together under these brother indians  
🗑
19C: MADISON: the battle of tippecanoe: who won? impact on Harrison? on tecumseh?   show
🗑
show they wanted to attack canada to beat the indians; wanted to attack florida since it was held by spain, who was an ally to GB  
🗑
show to restore americans' trust in america's republican gov.  
🗑
show GB had said they would repeal the orders of council, but news didn't reach america in time for war not to be declared  
🗑
19C: MADISON: sectional divisions over the war   show
🗑
show they sympathized with GB and disliked America's sympathy toward France; they didn't want canada conquered because it would create more land for republicans, which would decrease the number of federalists  
🗑
19C: MADISON: near treasonous actions of New England during the war   show
🗑
19C: MADISON: w of 1812; location of american attacks? what happened to them?   show
🗑
show Better crafted ships, passion among those who manned ships, more skilled gunners  
🗑
show victory over smaller, weaker british ship  
🗑
show Crude american ships and sailors beat the british; was to gain vital control of the great lakes; Oliver Hazard perry  
🗑
19C: W OF 1812: significance of Lack Champlain victory? who led it?   show
🗑
show some americans fell back, but not those at baltimore  
🗑
19C: W OF 1812: origin of the star spangled banner   show
🗑
show - British launched frontal march; America waited in trenches - british casualties outnumbered american - Jackson became a national hero; america gained more confidence - the war ended in Belgium with a treaty before the battle was fought  
🗑
19C: W OF 1812; Treaty of Ghent: terms? exclusion? why? what did it end?   show
🗑
show 2/3 of congress needed to approve embargoes, to admit new states, and declare war; it was the final blow to the federalist party  
🗑
19C: W OF 1812: the war's diplomatic effect   show
🗑
show showed how sectionalism could be a weakness; lost land to america in treaties when abandoned by GB; manufacturing grew  
🗑
19C: W OF 1812: post-war Rush-Bagot treaty: who signed it? terms?   show
🗑
show revived by congress new capital built there was expanded protective tariff on imports  
🗑
show 1) bank 2) protective tariff 3) canals and roads  
🗑
show money to states for internal improvements; vetoed and deemed unconstitutional (= states had to improve themselves)  
🗑
19C: monroe: his party & state   show
🗑
19C: MONROE: federalists in the election? the era of good feelings? what were ppl happy about? angered by?   show
🗑
show overspeculation in the west by the bank caused deflation, unemployment, etc. foreclosed farms created a negative perception of the bank (saw it as the enemy)  
🗑
19C: MONROE: cumberland/national road's impact on settlers?   show
🗑
19C: MONROE: western ideas about the sale of public land? about transportation? about money?   show
🗑
show missouri couldn't admit more slaves and children of slaves would begin to be emancipated  
🗑
show he worked for a compromise  
🗑
show missouri would be admittd a s a slave state, but maine and MA were split into 2 (kept n:s balanced; slave admission banned in other louisiana land  
🗑
19C: MONROE: treaty/convention of 1818   show
🗑
19C: MONROE: Jackson's actions in east florida   show
🗑
19C: MONROE: the Adams-Onis treaty   show
🗑
19C: MONROE: threats from the European Quadruple alliance? NW threat from russia?   show
🗑
show 1) non intervention 2) non colonization  
🗑
19C: MONROE: britain and the monroe doctrine   show
🗑
19C: the election of 1824: candidates and parties? where did it go?   show
🗑
show crawford had a stroke; he disliked jackson, so he suppported adams  
🗑
19C: the "corrupt bargain"   show
🗑
show - he wouldn't appoint/remove people based on political party - supported internal improvements, construction of university and observatory  
🗑
show National republicans; democratic republicans Adams: NE and new england Jackson: w and s  
🗑
19C: political center of gravity in 1830   show
🗑
19C: the significance of jackson's inauguration   show
🗑
show He argued that everyone should have a turn at the office and while everyone could do it, there should be an undevided body of everyone of the same party (equally good at it)  
🗑
19C: JACK: NULL CRISIS: what led to the tariff of abominations?   show
🗑
19C: JACK: NULL CRISIS: south CarolineaE xposision and Protest; author and point   show
🗑
show south carolina  
🗑
show indians east of mississippi were removed to land designated for indians; many cherokees died on the trail  
🗑
19C: JACK: BANK war; why did Jackson oppose the bank   show
🗑
show vetoed  
🗑
19C: JACK: the idea of the anti-masons   show
🗑
19C: JACK: national nominating conventions   show
🗑
19C: JACK: actions with federal deposits in the bank   show
🗑
19C: JACK: Biddle's reaction to Jackson ending the bank   show
🗑
19C: JACK: pet and wildcat banks: their currency policy?   show
🗑
19C: JACK: terms of the Specie Circular? its impact?   show
🗑
19C: 1836: whig supporters? ideas? strategy?   show
🗑
show martin van buren  
🗑
show - rebellion caused confrontation on N frontier (= almost war with GB) - funds collapsed, decrease in sale of public land, higher unemployment  
🗑
19C: VAN BUREN: his independent treasury plan (passed?)   show
🗑
19C: VAN BUREN: stephen austin   show
🗑
19C: VAN BUREN: conflict between mexicans and texans   show
🗑
19C: VAN BUREN: the alamo? the battle of san jacinto?   show
🗑
show slavery still prominent, which was opposed by the US  
🗑
show van buren (D) harrison (W)  
🗑
show democrats return; commonpeople the new focus  
🗑
ANTEBELLUM: the change in the center of american population   show
🗑
ANTEBELLUM: did immigration increase or decrease   show
🗑
AB: what made america seem attractive to european immigrants in the 1840s   show
🗑
show no irish need apply  
🗑
show rebllions failed, they sough democracy; some left due to crop failure middle west farming  
🗑
19C: order of the star spangled banner (the know nothing party)   show
🗑
Industrial Rev (IRev): changes that occured   show
🗑
show farming by peasants on cheap land = no employees for factories; not a lot of money for industrial investment  
🗑
IREV: samuel slater   show
🗑
show cotton gin and interchangeable parts  
🗑
show stimulated  
🗑
show the treaty of ghent brought an onslought of british goods; they needed a tariff to protect american goods  
🗑
IREV: elias howe and isaac singer   show
🗑
IREV: idea of limited liability   show
🗑
IREV: Samuel FB Morse   show
🗑
IREV: demands by workers in the 1820s and 1830s   show
🗑
IREV: 5th ammendment includes what?   show
🗑
show teaching and nursing (domestic services like servants)  
🗑
show the belief that a woman's most important role is as the homemaker  
🗑
IREV: change in marriages in the 1850s   show
🗑
show a light, steel plow pulled by horses  
🗑
IREV: Cyrus McCormick   show
🗑
show farmers production extended to markets, later to foreign markets (not strictly hand to mouth anymore)  
🗑
IREV: Lancaster turnpike   show
🗑
show steamboat  
🗑
IREV: short and long term economic effcts of the Erie Canal   show
🗑
show underground cable that connected Europe and the US  
🗑
show long and narrow ships that were quicker (sails) (traded speed for cargo room)  
🗑
show morse's telegraph (caused the end of a need for physical delivery of mail)  
🗑
AB: sectional economic specialization in the south, east, and west   show
🗑
IREV: the significance of the Charles River Bridge case (significance?)   show
🗑
IREV: changes in state incorporation laws   show
🗑
show every year, their wage increased by 1%  
🗑
19C: Deist beliefs   show
🗑
show believed not in the holy trinity, but in god; salvation through good works; an ins inherently good; god is fatherly, there is no need for depravity; appealed to less severe intellecualts (like calvanists)  
🗑
19C: 2nd great awakening: its general impacts   show
🗑
show conversion and democracy in church; embraced emotions  
🗑
show traveling methodist preacher; physcial but not well educated  
🗑
19C: 2ND GR AW: charles g finney   show
🗑
show led family and others back to god  
🗑
19c; 2ND GR AW: millerites   show
🗑
show S & n Baptist and Methodist churches were divided over the controversy of slavery; oher churche also split (ie Presbyterian)  
🗑
19C: 2ND GR AW: appeal of public education to prosperous americans   show
🗑
AB: Horace Mann   show
🗑
show free; excluded the enlaved (education of them was disallowed by lawn - they couldn't learn to read/write)  
🗑
AB; Noah Webster   show
🗑
show readers (grade school level)  
🗑
AB: traditional curriculum at american universities? funding for state universities? Jefferson and the U of Virginia?   show
🗑
AB: Emma Willard   show
🗑
AB: Oberlin   show
🗑
AB: mary lyon   show
🗑
show promoted anti earthly evils and mentality, like slavery and drinking  
🗑
AB: changes for debtors   show
🗑
AB: changes for criminals   show
🗑
AB: Ts Arthur & Ten nights in a Barroom   show
🗑
AB: temperance vs. teetotalism   show
🗑
show stated no law to be made or consumed  
🗑
AB: the impact of prohibitionists   show
🗑
AB: Elizabeth standon   show
🗑
show women's rights  
🗑
AB: the grimke sisters   show
🗑
show bloomers & shorter dresses  
🗑
AB: Seneca Falls Declaration   show
🗑
AB: the cause that eclipsed the women's rights movements in the 1850s   show
🗑
AB communitarian: Brook farm   show
🗑
show free love, parents for superior off spring  
🗑
show Mother Ann Lee Established religious communities that believed in abstenence and rejected marriage  
🗑
show to make cooperative/harmonious establishments (communities)  
🗑
show invented new plow  
🗑
show studied bio and taught at harvard; he promoted original research  
🗑
show painted naturalistic portraits of whildlife; Audubon society, which protected boards, was named after him  
🗑
show greek and gothic  
🗑
show a painter who idealized portraits of George washington  
🗑
AB: the Hudson river School   show
🗑
show 1st novelist of America to write new world themes  
🗑
AB: the main ideas of transcendentalism   show
🗑
show anti-slavery, pro-union, -selfreliance, -improvement, -confidence, -freedom, -potomism  
🗑
AB: Henry David Thoreau   show
🗑
show author; emotional and romantic  
🗑
show south sea stories  
🗑
show wrote history books about colonial struggle between france and HB for control of north america  
🗑
AB: why did most European immigrants avoid the S   show
🗑
AB: the distribution of slave owning among southern whites   show
🗑
AB: why did so many nonslave owners defend slavery   show
🗑
show S: could own property and slaves; kept from some jobs/testifying against whites; at risk of becoming slaves again N: sometimes disallowed from schools/voting/states; disliked by irish(job comp); prejudice against actual blacks instead of race  
🗑
show natural  
🗑
AB: population movement for slaves? impact of slave auctions? work for slaves?   show
🗑
AB: legal protection for slaves? violence against slaves? potential for family life among slaves?   show
🗑
show - a combination of Christian and african - slaves dissallowed from education; whites didn't want them to get ideas about being discontent  
🗑
show unsuccessful; hung  
🗑
AB: Nat Turner's rebellion   show
🗑
AB: the impact of slavery on southern whites   show
🗑
show tried to return freed blacks to africa  
🗑
show they were several generations down the line; African Americans didn't want to go to an African colony (wanted to keep the american part of their culture)  
🗑
show state constitutions  
🗑
AB: the example of GB for abolitionists   show
🗑
AB: Theodore weld   show
🗑
AB: william loyd garrison   show
🗑
show followed Garrison; antislavery; refuse cotton and cane sugar  
🗑
AB: Sojourner Truth   show
🗑
show escaped from slavery and openly advocate emancipation of slaves 9threats/physical responses from opposing people)  
🗑
AB: garrison v. douglass   show
🗑


   

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