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CMS - 8th History
Important Documents in American History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Magna Carta | (1215) English agreement that guaranteed certain rights to all Englishmen; influenced the American Bill of Rights’ protection of individual rights. |
| English Bill of Rights | (1689) English agreement that guaranteed certain rights to all Englishmen; influenced the American Bill of Rights’ protections of individual rights. |
| Mayflower Compact | (1620) Signed by many Pilgrims on their way to New World; they agreed to create a new government and follow its laws; helped establish the idea of self-government. |
| Common Sense | (1776) Influential pamphlet written by Thomas Paine; it urged Americans to declare their independence. |
| Declaration of Independence | (July 4, 1776) Written by Thomas Jefferson; announced the separation of the colonies from England. |
| Articles of Confederation | (1781-1789) First U.S. government; it was eventually a failure because it created a national government that was too weak. It was later replaced by the U.S. Constitution. |
| Constitution | (written in 1787) Blueprint for the American government. |
| The Federalist Papers | (1787-1788) Series of essays about the nature of government by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay; written to help get the Constitution ratified. |
| Bill of Rights | (adopted in 1791) First 10 amendments of the Constitution; guarantees individual rights. |
| George Washington’s Farewell Address | (1796) Given at his retirement from public life; he urged America to always remain neutral toward other countries. |
| Monroe Doctrine | (1823) Presidential message that said that Europe should not interfere in the affairs of Latin America and the U.S. would not interfere with European affairs. |
| South Carolina Exposition and Protest | (1829) Written by John C. Calhoun; outlined the doctrine of nullification, which was a statement for state’s rights. |
| The Liberator | (1831-1865) Newspaper printed by William Lloyd Garrison; most influential antislavery periodical in U.S. history; it increased sectionalism between North and South. |
| Lincoln’s First Inaugural | (1861) Lincoln said North would defend federal property in the South. |
| Emancipation Proclamation | (Jan. 1, 1863) Executive order give by Abraham Lincoln; it freed the slaves in the Confederacy. |
| Gettysburg Address | (1863) Famous speech given by Abraham Lincoln; it said that the Union was worth fighting for at any cost. |
| Lincoln’s Second Inaugural | (1865) Lincoln said Civil War was about slavery and that the Union was fighting to end slavery. |
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