WWI 9th grade
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| Alliance | a formal agreement or treaty between two or more nations to cooperate for specific purposes
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| The Great Powers | Britain, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia
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| Imperialism | Cause of competition/tension between the Great Powers
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| Shifting of Alliances | Germany tried to isolate France to avoid a two front conflict
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| Competing for Influence in the Balkans | Russia and Austria-Hungary
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| After Germany let it's friendship fade with Russia, Russia formed an alliance with this country | France
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| A naval arms race began between Germany and Great Britain and Great Britain was ahead because | They were a much richer country at the time
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| Also known as the Triple Entente (an alliance signed in 1904) | Allied Powers
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| Austrian Archduke that was assassinated by the Black Hand-a Serbian nationalist group | Franz Ferdinand
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| Germany responded to the demands that Austria presented to Serbia with a "blank check" and declared that they would support this country fully | Austria
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| Russia reacts to Austria's ultimatum on Serbia by supporting this country and mobilizing their forces along the Russian border | Serbia.."Slavic Brothers"
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| After Czar Nicholas II of Russia refuses to stand down and remove its troops from the Russian boarder, Germany does this | Declares war on Russia
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| Because France tells Germany that they will react according to their best interests, Germany develops the Von Schlieffen Plan. What is this plan? | Germany would quickly strike at France through Belgium, knock France out and then turn and fight Russia.
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| What caused France to enter the war? | Germany declared war on France
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| Why did Germany fear France's involvement in the war? | Germany was afraid of fighting a war on two fronts (West-France and East-Russia)
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| Germany marches through this country without permission on its way to attack France | Belgium
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| Why did Britain declare war on Germany? | Great Britain had a treaty with Belgium stating that if Belgium was attacked, Britain would come to its aid.
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| Central Powers | Italy, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire, Germany
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| Allied Powers | France, Russia and Great Britain
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| What changed everything during WWI? | The machine gun
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| Battle of the Marne | Great Britain and France were able to fight to Germany to a stalemate in September 1914
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| Trench warfare | the digging of parallel trenches from the North Sea to Switzerland, from which the opposing armies would live and fight
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| The space in between the trenches | "no man's land"
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| Machine Gun | could fire enough ammunition to equal a while unit of riflemen.
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| Poison Gas | First used by Germans but later by both sides and caused choking, blindness and/or death
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| Tanks | armored vehicles introduced by the British and used to cross "no man's land" as well as clear barbed/razor wire
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| Concertina Wire | Razor thin wire that is very difficult to see
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| Airplanes | Useful for scouting and bombing (usually with hand dropped bombs)
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| The Red Baron | airplane used in warfare
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| Submarines | Underwater boats (u-boats) first used by Germans
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| More mobility on the ___________ front | Eastern
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| On March 15, 1917, how did Russia exit the war? | Signed a treaty with Germany
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| Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (USW) | Germany declared that all shipping entering the warzone was subject to being fired upon without warning
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| Lusitania | A passenger liner that was sank by Germany killing 1,000 people including 120 Americans
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| What country forces the US to enter the war? | Germany
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| Germany violated the Sussex Pledge. What is that? | German promise not to sink merchant ships without warning
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| Zimmerman Note | German promise to give Mexico Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico in return for assistance against the US
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| Who declared war on Germany? | Woodrow Wilson
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| Selective Service Act | US declares that all men between 18-45 are eligible for draft
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| Germany tried to win the war with one last attack on _______________ | France/Paris
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| armistice | agreement to halt fighting
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| WWI was also called | The Great War
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| The failure of the peace process after WWI laid the ground work for | WWII
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| The Fourteen Points | Woodrow Wilson's personal blueprint for peace
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| The final treaty of WWI | The Treaty of Versailles
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| The Big Four: only countries that had any real power in drafting the final treaty | USA, France, Great Britain and Italy
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| The treaty of Versailles was focused on revenge and __________________ | punished Germany
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| The Ottoman Empire was disbanded with only this country remaining independent while the rest of the empire was split up between France and Great Britain | Turkey
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| Austria Hungary was split into _____ countries | 2
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| Disarmament | Germany reduced to 100,000 man army, coast guard only and no technological weapons
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| reparations | Germany was required to pay the massive war debt
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| war guilt clause | Germany was forced to sign something in the final treaty stating it was the sole cause of WWI
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| League of Nations | where all countries could come together on a permanent basis to avoid future conflict
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| Non-members of the League of Nations | Germany, Austria, Russia and the USA
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| annex | to incorporate (territory) into the domain of a city, country, or state
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| neutrality | the policy or status of a nation that does not participate in a war between other nations
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| shellshock | battle fatigue
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| Battle of Verdun | a battle in World War I (1916); in some of the bloodiest fighting in World War I the German offensive was stopped
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| Battle of Somme | The Allies, British and France won this battle
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| Battle of Amiens | the opening phase of the Allied offensive later known as the Hundred Days Offensive that ultimately led to the end of the First World War
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Created by:
cjtoths
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