Commonly Used Abbreviations and Glossary of Phlebotomy Terminology
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| ALP | ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE
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| ALT | ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE
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| APTT | ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME
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| AST | ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE
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| BT | BLEEDING TIME
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| BUN | BLOOD UREA NITROGEN
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| BURPP | BILIRUBIN, URIC ACID, PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM
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| CBC | COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT
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| Diff | Differential
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| EDTA | ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETIC ACID
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| EIA | ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY
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| ESR | ERTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE
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| FBS | FASTING BLOOD SUGAR
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| GTT | GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST
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| HCT | HEMATOCRIT
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| HDL | HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN
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| HGB | HEMOGLOBIN
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| INR | INTERNATION NORMALIZED RATION
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| LDH | LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE
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| LDL | LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN
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| MCH | MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN
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| MCHC | MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION
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| MCV | MEAN CORPUSCULAR VOLUME
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| MPV | MEAN PLATELET VOLUME
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| PT | PROTHROMBIN TIME
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| PTT | PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME
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| RBC | RED BLOOD CELL/RED BLOOD COUNT
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| RDW | RED BLOOD CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH
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| SPS | SODIUM POLYANETHOL SULFONATE
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| SST | SERUM SEPARATOR TUBE
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| WBC | WHITE BLOOD CELL/WHITE BLOOD COUNT
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| Accepted Standard of Care: | The Consensus of medical opinion on what is adequate patient care in a particular situation.
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| Airborne infection precautions | Use precautions with patients known to have a serious illness that can be transmitted through airborne droplets.
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| allerigic contact dermatitis | An allergic reaction to skin allergen contact (e.g., latex)
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| Analyte: | substance being analyzed
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| Ancillary blood glucose test | Bedside dermal puncture to determine blood glucose level.
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| Antecubital fossa: | area inside the elbow where the best veins for blood draw are located
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| Anticoagulants: | Additives that prevent blood from clotting.
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| Autologous donation | patient's own blood donation collected for use at a later time
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| Basillic vein | Prominent vein in antecubital fossa; third choice for blood draw
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| Bleeding Time (BT) | Measures the amount of time it takes bleeding to stop after an incision is made.
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| BLOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS: | INFECTIOUS AGENTS CARRIED IN THE BLOOD.
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| Blood Type | The presence of antigens on the surface of red blood cells (RBC)
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| Brachial Artery | Artery in the antecubital fossa
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| butterfly needle (a.ka.) winged infusion set): | Small needle with flexible for delicate veins.
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| Capillary tube (a.k.a) | microhematocrit tube): small tube used for hematocrit tests
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| Centrifuging | Act of separating components of a sample based on density by using a machine that spins a sample at very high rate of speed (the device is called a centrifuge)
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| Cephalic vein: | Prominent vein in antecubital fossa; second choice for blood draw.
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| Chemistry panel | A group of blood chemistry tests; most common is Chem 7.
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| Clot Activators: | Additives that stimulate clotting.
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| Coagulation | clotting
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| Complete blood Count (CBC) | Used to test for conditions that affect the number and ratio of celltypes in the blood, most common blood test.
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| Contact precautions | Used when a patient is known or suspected to have a serious illness that may be spread by direct contact.
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| Differential (diff) | Assesses the ratio of the different types of white blood cells (WBC's) and to look for changes in the RBC's and platelets.
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| Differential count | Determination of the proportions of the various blood cell types.
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| Droplet Precautions: | Used for patients who are known or suspected to transmit serious illness by large particle droplets (e.g. tuberculosis)
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| Flea | Metal filing used to mix blood with additives in small tubes.
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| Health Insurance Portablility and Accountability Act (HIPAA): | Patient privacy act
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| Hematocrit (HCT) | Determines the percentage of the blood volume that is RBC's
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| Hematoma | A swollen, reddened area under the skin where blood collects
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| Hemoconcentration | Increase in the ratio of formed elements in the plasma, usually caused by leaving the tourniquet on too long.
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| Hemoglobin (Hgb) | Gives blood its red color because it contains iron; transports oxygen.
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| Hemolysis | Destrution of RBC's
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| Hemostasis | The process by which the body stops blood from leaking out of a wound.
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| Heparin or saline lock | A tube temporarily placed on the peripheral vein, may be used to administor medicine or draw blood.
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| Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAhO) | Monitors and evaluates the quality of patient care: institution will lose Medicare funding if it has not been accredited by JCAHO.
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| Luer adapter | Used to attach a butterfly needle to an evacuation tube.
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| Lumen | The hollow tube part of the needle.
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| Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) | Provide information on chemicals, their hazards, and procedures for cleanup and first aid.
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| Median Cubital vein | Prominent vein in antecubital fossa; first choice for blood draw.
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| Microcollection tube | A.k.a., Caraway pipette or Natelson pipetter): large glass capillary tube.
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| Micropipette (a.k.a.)Caraway pipette or Natelson pipette): | Large glass capillary tube
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| Multi-sample needle | A double-ended needle designed to be used with an evacuation tube system.
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| Needle adapter | Transculent plastic cylinder connecting a multi-sample needle to an evacuated tube.
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| Occluded | Blocked
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| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) | Regulates safety in the workplace.
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| Pathogen | Infectious organism
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| Personal protective equipment | Gowns, masks, respirators, face shields, shoe covers and gloves
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| Phagocytosis | Digestion of blood-borne microorganisms that cause infections.
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| Quality phlebotomy | Policies and procedures designed to ensure the deliver of high quality patient care and specimen analysis.
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| Sharps | Needles, lancets, broken glass, and other sharp items
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| Standard preautions (a.k.a) Universal precautions) | Infection control that uses a protective barrier to prevent direct skin contact with blood, body fluids and tissues from all persons.
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| Syringe | An instrument used to inject or withdraw fluids, it is a simple piston pump consisting of a plunger that fits tightly in a tube; open end of the syringe may be fitted with a hypodermic needle, a nozzle or tubing.
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| Theraputic Phlebotomy | Removal of blood (blood letting) as part of a treatment for a disorder.
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| Thixotropic gel | an inert additive used to separate cells from plasma during centrifuging.
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| Thrombosis | Clot formation in a blood vessel.
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| Tube advancement mark | Placed on a needle adapter to indicate how far the tube can be pushed in without losing vacuum pressure.
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