Ch. 3 Cells: The Living Unit
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| What is the smallest living unit in our bodies? | Cells
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| What carry on essential functions of cells? | organelles "little organs"
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| What separates two of the body's major fluid compartments-intracellular and extracellular fluid? | Plasma membrane
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| Types of membrane proteins | 1. Integral, 2. Glycocalx, 3. Peripheral
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| Integral Proteins | firmly imbedded in or attached to lipid bilayer
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| Glycocalx | fuzzy, sticky, carbohydrate-rich area at the cell surface
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| Peripheral Proteins | attach to membrane surface and support plasma membrane from cytoplasmic side
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| hydrophillic head | polar
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| hydrophobic tails | non-polar
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| Passive Transport | molecular movement occurs spontaneously without input of energy; movement of molecules down their concentration gradient through integral protein
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| Active Transport | molecular movement occurs only with input of energy; integral proteins move molecules across plasma membrane against concentration gradient
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| Simple Diffusion | pass directly through lipid bilayer
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| Facilitated Diffusion | move across lipid bilayer with help of carrier molecule
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| Diffusion | tendency of molecules or ions to move from an area where they are in higher concentration to lower concentration
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| What is the diffusion of water molecules across a membrane? | Osmosis
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| Hypertonic | solute concentrations higher in extracellular fluid
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| Hypotonic | solute concentrations lower in extracellular fluid
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| Isotonic | solute concentrations are balanced
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| What transports via integral proteins? | Active Transport
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| What is the mechanism by which particles enter cells? | Endocytosis
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| What is the type of endocytosis in which cell engulfs large particles by projecting pseudopods (false feet) around it and enclosing it within a membrane sac? | Phagocytosis
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| What cell "gulps" drops of extracellular fluid containing solutes into tiny vesicles? | Pinocytosis
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