preparation deffinitions
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| Elixir | A drug that is dissolved in a solution of alcohol and water. Elixirs are sweetended and flavored and are taken orally. Example Dimetapp Elixir.
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| Emulsion | A mixture of fats or oils in water. Example Soyacol Emulsion.
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| Liniment | A drug combined with oil, soap, alcohol, or water. Liniments are applied externally, using friction, to produce a feeling of heat and warmth. Example Heet Liniment.
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| Lotion | An aqueous preparation that contains suspended ingredients. Lotions are used to treat external skin conditions. They work to soothe, protect, and moisten the skin and to destroy harmful bacteria. Example Caladryl Lotion.
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| Solution | A liquid preparation that contains one or more completely dissovled substances. The dissolved substance is known as the solute,and the liquid in which it is dissolved is known as the solvent Example Dristan nasal spray.
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| Spirit | A drug combined with an alcoholic solution that is volatile(a substance that is volatile evaporates readily.) Example aromatic spirit of ammonia.
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| Spray | A fine stream of medicsted vapor, Usually used to treat nose and throat conditions. Examples Dristan Nasal Spray.
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| Suspension | A drug that contain insoluble drug particles in a liquid; the preparation must be shaken before administration. Example Amoxicillin Oral Suspension.
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| Suspension | A pressurized form in which solid aerosol or liquid drug particles are suspended in a gas to to be dispensed in a cloud or mist. Example Proventil Inhalation Aerosol.
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| Syrup | A drug dissolved in a solution of sugar, water, and sometimes a flavoring to disguise an unpleasant taste. Example Robitussin Cough Syrup.
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| Tincture | A drug dissolved in a solution of alcohol or alcohol and water. Example tincture of iodine.
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| Tablet | A powdered drug; that has been pressed into discs. Some tablets are scored; that is, they are marked with an indentation so they can be broken onto halves or quarters for proper dosage. Example Tylenol Tablets.
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| Chewable tablet | A powdered drug that has been flavored and pressed into a disc. Chewable tablets are often used for antacids, antiflatulents, and children's medication. Example Pepto-bismol Chewable Tablets.
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| Sublingual tablet | A powdered drug that has been pressed into a disc and is designed to dissolve under the tongue, which permits its rapid absorption into the bloodstream. Example nitroglycerin sublingual tablets (Nitrostat).
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| Enteric-coated tablet | A tablet coated with a substance that prevents it from dissolving until it reaches the intestines. The coating protects the drug from being destroyed by ga
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| Capsule | A drug contained in a gelatin capsule that is water-soluble and functions to prevent the patient from tatsing the drug. Example Benadryl Capsules.
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| Sustained-release capsule | A release capsule that contains granules that dissolve at different rates to provide a gradual.
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| Caplet | A drug contained in a oblong tablet with a smooth coating to make swallowing easier.Example Advil Caplets.
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| Lozenge | A drug contained in a candy-like base. Lozenges are circular and are designed to dissolve on the tounge. Example Chloraseptic Throat Lozenges.
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| Cream | A drug combined in a base that is generally nongreasy, resulting in a semisolid preparation. Creams are applied externally to the skin. Example Hydrocortisone Topical Cream.
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| Ointment | A drug with an oil base, resulting in a semisolid preparation. Ointments are applied externally to the skin and are usually greasy. Example Cortisporin Topical ointment.
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| Suppository | A drug mixed with a firm base, such as cocoa butter, that is designed to melt at body temperature. A suppository is shaped into a cylinder or a cone for easy insertion into a body cavity, such as the rectum or vagina. Example Preparation H Suppositories.
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| Transdermal patch | A patch with an adhesive backing, which contains a drug, that is applied to the skin. The drug enters the circulation after being absorbed through the skin. Example nitroglycerin patches (Nitro-Dur).
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