Renaissance, Reformation, Constitutional monarchy
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| 116 yrs of war btwn England and France, ended shortly after Joan of Arc took Orleans, the English left France. Most important battle was Battle of Crecy | Hundred Years War
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| Unum Sanctum | "The bull" Pope Boniface VI issued this document asserting his power over King Phillip VII, and everything.
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| English Preacher and writer, He translated the Bible into English, and sent his "lollards" to bring people to the Word of God | John Wycliffe
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| Ciompi Revolt | Revolt due to the lack of care for the poor, succesful revolt until Cosmo de Medici came to power.
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| Take what you learn, and use it. Two types of learning, text based and experiment based. Petrarch is father of this movement. | Humanism
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| English humanist, wrote "Utopia" and spoke out against the King for his divorce and the taking of funds. | Thomas Moore.
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| Christopher Columbus | Italian explorer, traveled across Atlantic, in 1492 to find a trade route to India for spice trade.
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| Developed Caravel, a lighter ship. Sent ships out to explore Africa to find a spice trading route. | Henry the Navigator
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| Author of "imitation of Christ" | Thomas A Kempis
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| Martin Luther | German priest, wrote the 95 theses and posted them to the doors of the church against Catholic practices, ultimately began the Protestant Reformation.
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| Disagreed with Martin Luther over Real Presence of Christ at the Lord's supper, which divided the Catholics and Protestants. Led reformation of Switzerland. | Ulrich Zwingli
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| Pastor during Protestant Reformation. Wrote "Institute of Christian Religion" His writings and teachings inspired the religion with his name. | John Calvin
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| This treaty granted Lutheranissm legal, but left it up to the Prince to decide the Land's religion | Peace of Augsberg
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| Founded "society of Jesus," Spiritual exercises, and became the Saint of Soldiers. | Ignatius of Loyola
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| Huguenots | French Calvinists from the Protestant reformation.
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| This granted rights to the Huguenots after St. Bartholomew's Day massacre | Edict of Nantes.
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| Leader of Dutch Revolt against Spanish that set off 80 yrs war, King that Parliament replaced James II with. | William of Orange
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| Revolt against the government for fair treatment of the poor, unsuccesful movement, but brough awareness about lower class | Peasants revolt
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| Series of peace treaties that ended the 30years war and 80 years war between Spain and the Dutch Republic | Peace of Westphalia
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| Enclosure | land that is fenced in and deeded as retribution to rights being taken away.
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| Impostitions | Taxes that were introduced through James I as a source of royal income for improving the state's debt.
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| Document put out by Parliament declaring that King can't create taxes or force loans. | Petition of Right
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| Charles I called upon Parliament when the Scots invaded England, Parliament didn't settle things until after the ENglish Civil War | Long Parliament
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| Document issued by Charles II that establishes religious toleration | declaration of Indulgence
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| The switching of King from James II to William of Orange and Queen Mary that involved no Bloodshed. | Glorious Revolution
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| Labor tax imposed by Henry VI to improve Roads. | Corvee
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| Document printed by Cardinal Richelieu that outlined how France could become powerful. | Reason of State
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| State-controlled system to make money for King. | Mercantilism
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| Rebirth,changes in science, art, architecture and literature. Key people include Da Vinci, Aligieri, Petrarch, and Moore | Renaissance
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| Reform Catholoic beliefs, began after the 95 theses were posted. Key people include Luther, Zwingli, Calvin. | Reformation
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| James I to Charles I, Charles I executed, Cromwell takes power, Charles II, Charles II issues Decl. of Indulgence, succeeded by James II, led to Glorious Revolution and THIS GUY got the throne. | William of Orange-Road to Monarchy
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