The Skeletal System
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| bone development begins early in human development, but it is not complete until a person is in his or her _______________ | twenties
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| a certain amount of _______________ is needed to maintain the integrity of the skeletal system | avtivity
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| human have an ___________________ | endoskeleton
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| the skeletal system is composed of ___________, ________________, _____________, and _____________ | bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons
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| the skeletal system provides ________________, _________________ and _______________ | movement, protection and shape
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| the _________________ skeleton is composed of the spine, rib cage and skull | axial
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| the ____________________skeleton is composed of the bones of the arm, hips, legs, and shoulders | appendicular
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| the _______________is composed of the crainial and facial bones | skull
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| the _________________ bones are the ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones | cranial
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| the _______________bones are the inferior nasal conchae, lacrimal, mandible, maxillary, nasal, palatine, vomer, and zygomatic bones. | frontal
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| the _________________are divided into the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal bones | vertebrae
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| the _________________is composed of the ribs and sternum | rib cage
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| the _____________________of the neck is part of the axial skeleton | hyoid bone
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| the ______________________skeleton is composed of the upper and lower extremities | appendicular
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| the ______________ extremities are composed of the following bones: the carpels, clavicle, humerus, metaarpels, phalanges, radius, scapula, and ulna. | upper
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| the ________________extremities are composed of the following bones: the femur, fibula, ilium, ischium, metatarsels, phalanges, pubis, tibia, and tarsals. | lower
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| bones can be categorized by shape: ___________, _______________, ____________ and _________________ | flat, irregular, long and short
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| bones are classified by there origin in the ______________ | embryo
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| _____________bones are composed of a diaphysis, two epiphyses, and two epiphyseal lines | long
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| the marrow cavity can contain __________ or ______________ bone marrow | yellow, red
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| bone cells are called ________________ | osteocytes
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| bone matrix is made of collagen, _____________________, and the calcium mineral, ____________________ | osteocalcin, hydroxyapatite
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| bone is composed of _________________ (cortical) and __________________ (trabecular) bone. | compact, cancellous
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| joints can be categorized by their structual components. the categories are ____________________, ____________________ and _______________________ | cartilaginous, fibrous, and synovial
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| joints can also be categorized by their function. the categories are ________________, ___________________ and ________________________ | ampharthrosis, diarthrosis, and synarthrosis
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| the following are the different types of synarthoses: ball and socket, condyloid or ellipsoidal, gliding, hinge, pivot, and saddle |
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| ____________________bones form from cartilage pegs in the embryo. they usually produce long bones, and parts of irregular and short bones. | endochondral
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| endochondral bones have primary and secondary ____________________centers, and a region that produces bone collar. | ossification
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| the growth of the _________________ determines bone length | diaphysis
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| dermal bones form in ________________ membranes. | subcutaneous
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| dermal bones are mostly composed of _____________ bone with a covering of bony plates. they usually produce ________bones and parts of irregular bones | cancellous, flat
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| bone fractures can be ________________, ________________ or ____________________, ______________________ | simple, commuted or compound, and open
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| _______________ can be categorized by the shape or displacement of the fracture line. | fractures
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| bone healing involves four stages: _____________, _________________, ____________, and ___________________ | fracture, granulation, callus, and normal contour.
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| sometimes the bone healing process is classified as three phases: ______________, _________________, and _________________ | reactive, reparative, and restorative
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| __________________is a common skeletal disease that affects the joints. | arthritis
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| the types of arthritis include _______________, _____________________, ankylosing spondylitis, and juvenile arthritis | osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis
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| other diseases that affect joints are ___________, lupus, scleroderma, and ________________ | gout, fibromyalgia
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| ________________is one of the diseases of bone density loss | osteoporosis
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| ___________________is a bone marrow cancer | myeloma
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| ____________________is a bone inflammation caused by bacteria | osteomyelitis
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| ____________________is death of bone tissue caused by loss of blood flow to the osteons | osteonecrosis
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| during a person's lifetime, bone is constantly _________________ and __________________ | degraded, replaced
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| some bone aging is due to wear and tear on the _____________ and _____________ | bones, joints
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| some bone aging is due to a slowing of ____________________________ | bone tissue replacement
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| ___________________can affect bone and joint aging | lifestyle
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| changes in _____________________production contribute to skeletal aging | sex-hormone
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| skeletal aging is affected by ______________ and ______________________ | gravity and posture
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| ________________these joints permit no movement, which is typical of certain fibrous joints | synarthrosis
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| _________________a slight degree of movement can occur | amphiarthrosis
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| _________________these joints provide a variety of movements. synovial joints permit this degree of movement | diarthrosis
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| the two major types of embryological bone formation are ________________ossification and __________________ossification | endochondrial, intramembranous
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| ___________________- bone junction | articulation
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| ___________________- synovial fluid filled sac | bursa
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| ___________________- bone surface connective tissue | periostium
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| ___________________- articulates with tibia and fibula | talus
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Created by:
Lauren G.
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